Analysis Of The Movie I Chose Silver Linings Playbook

The analysis of the movie I chose was Silver Linings Playbook. This movie was a revamping of the publication Silver Linings Playbook by Matthew Quick. Patrick, known as Pat throughout the movie, Solatano, Jr. is portrayed by Bradley Cooper. Although it is unclear what is different about Pat in the very beginning, the story soon unravels his skeletons in the closet. The opening scene starts as Pat is being released from the Karel psychiatric facility in Baltimore. Pat was institutionalized after he walked in on his wife and the history teacher having an affair in the shower, blacked out, and beat the man nearly to death. He is ordered to attend therapy as part of his plea bargain and release deal. Even though medication is almost required to treat his condition, Pat decides it is better to change his outlook on life and find â€Å"the silver linings, he even shouts his motto â€Å"excelsior† meaning â€Å"always upward† (Excelsior dictionary definition). To me this meant, finding the positive in every negative situation. However, even though it sounds good on the surface, it can also be used as a crutch to fuel self delusion. Pat ends up being set up on a dinner date in order to get over the fact that his wife has since moved. After the dinner date, Pat finds himself spending much time with Tiffany, another main character with a mental illness, who he enters a dance competition with and ends up falling for. This analysis will cover the symptoms/diagnosis, nature versus nurture,Show MoreRelatedAnalysis On Silver Linings Playbook Essay1299 Words   |  6 PagesIntercultural Film Analysis Paper Dec. 10, 2016 Analysis on Silver Linings Playbook The film I chose to analyze is Silver Linings Playbook because I was interested in the story when I read the synopsis of the movie. I thought that this would be a simple movie where the main characters would help each other because they had something in common. Reading the synopsis, I also thought that Pat would be back together with his wife, but at the end he found another love. In the next paragraphs I will show my knowledgeRead MoreFilm Analysis On Silver Linings Playbook1972 Words   |  8 Pages Film Analysis on Silver Linings Playbook Life is hard and a struggle, but even tougher for someone who struggles with a psychological disorder. Bipolar disorder is a well-known psychological disorder and has effective treatment methods. Although, ultimately it is up to the patient with the disorder. The reason I chose the film Silver Linings Playbook is because not only did I enjoy the film, but I can relate to it. For I know someone who suffers from bipolar disorder, and even though they encounterRead MoreI Chose To Do My Analysis On The Character Pat Solitano,1474 Words   |  6 PagesI chose to do my analysis on the character Pat Solitano, from the movie Silver Lining Playbook. This movie is a romantic comedy that takes place in Philadelphia. This movie is about a middle-aged man who has lost everything, his job, his wife, and his house. He has spent the last eight months in a mental institution, and has recently been released to his parents. Upon entry to the mental institution Pat almost beat his wife’s lover to death. So, throughout the entire movie pat is trying to win the

The Health Of Health Psychology Essay - 1973 Words

Introduction The thesis statement for my investigation is â€Å"The effectiveness of health psychology as it relates to improving health care quality†. The potential research question states, the role of health psychologists in health care delivery. As a part of my research I will explore areas associated with my thesis statement. The main areas to be outlined in this thesis paper includes; the origin of health psychology, examining the roles of both research and application, the relationship between the other subfields, mainly clinical psychology and child/adolescence, the usefulness of forensic psychology and the correlation that exist between health psychology through scientific methodology and a conclusion which connotes answering the question of the thesis statement effectively. However, my first step would be to define key terms mentioned in my research. Firstly, Health Psychology can be characterized as the field that focuses on how biology, psychology, behavior, and social factor s influence health and illness. The American Psychological Associations’ Division of Health Psychology has mentioned the objectives of health psychology as understanding the analysis, promotion and maintenance of health, prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of physical and mental illness. Health psychology seeks to explore factors in the pursuit of getting people to embrace health promotion, treatment and illness prevention. Moreover, this specialty area seeks to observe theShow MoreRelatedThe Health Of Health Psychology999 Words   |  4 PagesHealth Psychology Introduction Health psychologists range from a wide area of careers and fields. They focus on how health and illnesses are effected by factors such as psychology, biology and social factors. Health psychologists also seek to answer, â€Å"how people cope with chronic illness (both their own and others’)† (Lyons, Chamberlain, 2006, p. 6). Health psychologists research on different ways to â€Å"overcome illnesses more quickly, and how to change people’s attitude† on health problems suchRead MoreHealth Psychology1720 Words   |  7 PagesCultural barriers affecting the mental health of Indigenous people Cultural barriers certainly have a crucial impact in affecting the mental health of Indigenous people. This is evident as Indigenous people tend to have considerably high levels of stress and anxiety in their lives stemming from the consequences of trauma and grief of stolen generation and dispossession which is intricately linked to mental health and disorder (Craven, 2006).This common pattern of loss of culture, land, voiceRead MoreQuestions On Health Psychology And Health1847 Words   |  8 Pagesassignment, students were asked to address three essay questions relating to health psychology. Students were expected to support their findings based on research and use peer reviewed articles to support findings. The following essay questions were asked: Essay #1: Interview a smoker to learn firsthand how the smoker started and when, why they continue, whether they have tried to quit and how that has worked, any health issues, etc? Summarize the interview in half of a page and relate your findingsRead MorePsychology And Health Issues : Psychology1534 Words   |  7 Pages Psychology and Health Issues Psychology and Health Issues According to the American Psychological Association, health psychologists â€Å"help patients manage stress, chronic disease and avoid preventable diseases† by â€Å"incorporating psychological theory and research to develop methods to assist patients in maintaining healthy lifestyles†(Uyemura, B (2011.). Psychologists have the knowledge needed toRead MoreHealth Psychology Essay1208 Words   |  5 PagesIn this assignment I will be explain two different health psychology issues and explaining them. The two different issues I have decided to talk about are eating disorders and childbirth. I will then compare the two health psychology issues in relation to their common themes and also their different. P3 Explain specific health psychology issues. Using two health psychology issues of interest to you, you should explain the specific issue in detail Eating Disorders (anorexia and bulimia) AnorexiaRead MoreHealth and Clinical Psychology1989 Words   |  8 PagesA2 Psychology: G543 Options Paper Exam Technique and Tips General Exam Information You will be assessed for this unit in a 1.5 hour examination. You will need to answer four questions; two questions from the topic of Forensic Psychology and two questions from the topic of Health and Clinical Psychology. This means you will have about 20 minutes of writing time per question, plus a little bit of thinking time. This is not a long time to maximise your marks, so there are some simple exam techniquesRead MoreWhat Is Health Psychology?2150 Words   |  9 PagesWhat is Health Psychology? Have you ever been melancholic about a recent situation in your life, and wonder why you began to develop symptoms of physical illness? This occurs because there is a strong link between our thoughts, personality, and behavior and our way of coping with illness. The way we control our emotions directly impacts our health for the better or for the worse. In this essay, we will discuss about the different mental factors that relate to health and how they can contributeRead MoreHealth: Psychology and Page2986 Words   |  12 PagesHPED 200 UNIT 1 STUDY GUIDE EXAM Taking Charge of Your Health Stress: The Constant Challenge Psychological Health Multiple Choice 1. The health determinant over which we have least control is A. diet. B. exercise. C. tobacco use. D. genetic makeup. Page(s): 1 2. The six dimensions of wellness A. affect health independently of each other. B. are interrelated. C. seldom influence one another. D. demonstrate the separateness of mindRead MoreAbnormal Psychology And Mental Health Essay1551 Words   |  7 Pagesset out by the Health Care Professions Council (HCPC, 2014). Furthermore, as a student ambulance clinician I now recognise the relevance of possessing non-technical skills as well as an in-depth knowledge of theoretical subjects such as ethics and law, professionalism and abnormal psychology is equally essential for efficient patient care. I have chosen to demonstrate my understanding of this module by focussing on the subject of abnormal psychology, in particular mental ill-health. I was interestedRead MoreTaking a Look at Health Psychology907 Words   |  4 Pagesconventional separation of body and mind determined by a Dualistic model of health and illness, with an increasing focus on an interaction between the mind and the body. This shift in perspective is demonstrated of a holistic or a whole-person approach to health. Therefore, Health psychology maintains that the mind and body interact. Moreover, Health psychology is the study of psychological and behavioural processes of health, illness, and healthcare. It is apprehensive with the consideration of how

Cosmetology School Free Essays

Every year thousands of people who have a passion for fashion, style and beauty and who enjoy making other people and themselves look amazing and feel appealing enroll in cosmetology schools. Cosmetology school is a place for creative, sociable, ambitious and constantly developing individuals. There are a lot of various directions in the program of a cosmetology school, so every person is free either to choose the subject he or she likes, or to take up several of them: nail technician, esthetician, hair styling, permanent make up specialist, massage therapist, etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Cosmetology School or any similar topic only for you Order Now The sphere of cosmetology is multisided and very perspective and rewarding nowadays and there are a lot of reasons why attending a cosmetology school may be beneficial. The most important advantage of having a cosmetology school education is that you will hardly ever be unemployed (unless you will wish to). People would always like to look and feel beautiful, so you will always have enough opportunities to make them be and feel such. The only task you will always have to fulfill is to be always aware of the latest style and fashion trends and the newest techniques, and take any chance to cultivate your creativity and collect precious experience in your job. Another advantage of this career is that you are free to choose time and even place where you are eager to perform your skills. You may make weekends whatever days of week you want and you will never have to get up early in the morning(unless you have a yoga-class), because most of stylists prefer starting their working day in the afternoon, during the lunch break of their clients, or even in the evening, after normal business hours. And even if your working place is in the salon, it is likely that you can set the schedule convenient for you. People say: â€Å"If you want to succeed in business, the best way for you is to make your hobby your own business† – a cosmetologist career is the best example to reflect this view. Working with clients’ hair, nails or makeup may be extremely exciting. You meet many different people with different views as for style and fashion and all of them want you to bring their dreams to reality. During this process you practice not only as a cosmetologist, but also as psychologist. And the best reward is a grateful smile on the face of your client. It is also necessary to point out that if you are creative and skillful enough and enjoy trying new provocative styles, it is possible that you will be asked to style the hair and makeup of models and celebrities, or even well-known politicians. You will even have a possibility to work for big companies’ hair shows, such as Joico or Paul Mitchell, or for some prominent modeling agencies, theatres or magazines. You can make various astonishing acquaintances and may be you will be well-known among very important people. In a field of cosmetology your incomes depend on nothing else but type, amount and quality of your own work. The more clients you are eager to have a day the more money you may earn. By the way, if to work hard and make a number of personal clients, there is a possibility of expanding your career by becoming a salon manager or even by opening your own salon. I am hardworking and willful, confident of my abilities and skills, so I hope to open my own spa salon some day. I know that my skills and natural charm and sociability will help me to build a base of clients. Moreover I am planning to open my own blog or even a site, where I will give necessary advice on fashion, style, hair design and nail art and tell people about the newest style tendencies. Probably I will face a lot of competitors on my way, but I am not afraid of that. People like to have their own specialist whether in hair style, makeup or manicure, that’s why, they are searching for the â€Å"right† person, who would meet their needs. I am sociable and flexible enough to meet the needs of different kinds of people and I am conscious that people will notice that. Attending a cosmetology school can let one build a fun, flexible and very rewarding career. This job allows flexible working hours, high incomes, guarantee of being employed, plenty of room for professional and personal growth, and acquaintance and experience of interaction with various people. It is necessary to keep up with changing style and fashion tendencies to succeed in this field. In order to keep the clients’ interest a stylist should always be in a process of self-improvement and self-education, as well as he should always find common language with clients. A cosmetology education provides a person with an opportunity of expanding his or her career by becoming a salon or spa manager or even an owner of such. Although it will take a lot of efforts to do this and there are a lot of competitors on the way, I am sure that some day my goal of owning a salon will be achieved. I believe that cosmetology school education will help me to take the first step to my dream and once I will be proud to call my job â€Å"my hobby†. How to cite Cosmetology School, Papers

Itunes Analysis free essay sample

Emergent strategy: who will stop Apples dominance of the music delivery business? Introduction In this report we chessman business will tell you a bit more about Tunes a part of Apple Inc. In this rapport we will formulate a strategy tunes can follow for the next three to five years. In this report you will read parts about. The development of Tunes so far, Internal and external analysis of tunes and the advised strategy for tunes. By looking at the past, new strategies can be formulated.And after evaluating the formulated trainees by looking at the pros and cons of all the strategies. The best strategy for Tunes is chosen. We hope you enjoy reading this report and wish you good luck with implementing the new strategy. Sincerely, Chessman business Margaret Stet Vera Painting Ante De Verses Management summary Chapter 1: Summary of the case chapter one contains the summary of the case In which will be explained what the mayor issues are for this case. tunes is here defined as the main product in where the future will be discussed and Its position In the nowadays music Industry.Chapter 2: the development of Tunes strategy The problem statement is defined in this chapter. Questions such as what can Tunes do to stay ahead of their competitors? and In what way are the music Off Chapter 3: Internal Analysis ere internal analysis of tunes takes a look at the value creation. The question what IS the value of tunes for the consumers? is being discussed and the outcomes will be applied into the value chain. The value chain explains resources, competencies and ones where tunes lack. Also the competitive advantage of tunes is being discussed.Chapter 4: External Analysis or give a good view on the macro-environment, the PESTLE is being used which is a ere often used method for analyzing the macro environment. The PESTLE contains the political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal factors. Furthermore, Porters Five Forces Model is being used to understand where the power lies for tunes. It will help to understand the strengths for the SOOT in chapter 5. Chapter 5: The SOOT-Analysis For the SOOT-Analysis the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats are the outcomes from previous chapters.Chapter 6: -rows-Manta ere next step for this analysis is to think about the options that could be pursued. He external opportunities and threats are matched with internal strengths and Insaneness. The possible strategy are shared as the outcome of the TOWS. Several strategys are being discussed but the most suitable strategy is the combination of NT, which is because more streaming services are available, tunes should work on the availability of their products. Since tunes can only be used on mobile devices from Apple itself, they should make it available to other devices to expand their market.Conclusion: Table of contents 1 . Summary of the case 2. The development of tunes strategy 2. 1. General challenges of tunes 2. . Problem statement 3. Internal analysis 3. 1 . tunes and its value for consumers 3. 2. Which resources and competencies does tunes has P. 9 3. 3. The competitive advantage into the four building blocks P. 10 4. External analysis 4. 1 . Macro environment P. 11 4. 2. Porters Five Forces Model p. 15 P. 16 5. The SOOT-Analysts 5. The -rows-Manta Conclusion bibliography p. 18 P. 20 p. 21 Since the upcoming of home music, it has undergone several mayor changes.Home music has gone from the gramophone to music on the radio and now on computers and portable music devices like the pod. Now also the capacity and the speed of the ratable devices will be increased. Causes of these changes, recorded music and delivery music companies all over the Nor need to rethink their strategies. The three main areas they have to think of are; *Recorded music from the traditional record companies *Mobile telephones (a new revolution music delivery) *Broadband and the web (potential for new music delivery) In 2007 there were four major music producers who owned together 75% of the entire market. And in spite of the amount they owned of the market, they still all had trouble with their profitability. The fact that they had profit problems seemed really reprising. But the reason was really clear. One of the main reasons the companies Newer losing money, was because selling music via the Internet became more popular than buying CDC in a store. Furthermore, the profit margins of CD sails were higher than those of the online sails. ere four big companies have three mayor competitive advantages. Those advantages are, recording contracts, high promotional barriers and record sales through retail stores. O make more money, the record companies needed to find other ways to add value. For example they start interfering with concerts of their artists. They make money from promotion, concerts, merchandise and other forms of branding. Basically; the music company starts to work on other parts of the industry and extends their value chain. Moreover, one of the other things music companies do to extend their value chain is to offer online music services. Online music delivery can take place in different ways. For example; *Internet site sell Cads. These sites are supplied by the Big Five. Independent music companies setup their own small sites digital Jukeboxes * Underground site distribute illegal music from the big four. They do not pay royalties o the Big Four. Downloading is for free. Method to stop the illegal downloading. There for they developed a pirate proof Internet system. It was called the Digital Rights Management. When tunes was introduced, and tunes signed a deal with all the leading record companies. It was made possible for consumers to download illegal music for a payment and without getting in trouble with the DRUM. Furthermore, there is music provided for mobile phones.Currently, the most used devices for playing music are still MPH, MPH and Pods. But the use of mobile phones IS more in up coming these days. As for the music delivery companies, they still need to come up with new methods of music delivery. Apple still dominates the music delivery market with their Pods and Tunes. In 2008 there were two threats for Tunes. These were Google and broadband. Roadbeds was a new technology, which made things like downloading and uploading much faster. Also Google wanted to interfere with a new software and service platform. This way Google wanted to force a change in the industry.But this did not work yet since the strong position Apple with Tunes has. (Module book, strategic management in the media) 2. The development of tunes strategy Tunes started out in 2000 as Sounding PM. This was a program used for ripping :ads. In 2001 Steve Jobs officially introduced tunes to the world. New about tunes Nas that it was for free. This was a big shock to the music industry because for example Sounding PM costs $40. This fact made tunes leave all their competitors behind. Over the years tunes needed to keep developing itself to stay ahead of the competition. Tunes continually invests in research and development, advertising and marketing. Tunes and Apple believe this is very important for the sale and development of the cosmologies and innovative products they make. Currently tunes is still developing. They are expanding their platform by delivering content from third parties through the tunes store. The contents they sell are no longer Just music but also e-books, television shows and films. Furthermore, another change is that tunes is also available now for Windows based computers, instead of lust for Mac. Tunes also starts with an educational platform. This platform is called tunes U. It allows students and teachers to share their educational media online. Schools, teachers and or students can buy this platform. Files shareholder, 2012) 2. 1 General challenges of tunes Competition At this moment one of the two main challenges of tunes is their competition. Tunes is a really innovative company and is always coming up with new techniques and does and come up with their own additions to the tunes concept. With these little differences and additional options, they try to compete with tunes and try to become better and bigger. This means tunes needs to keep their company up to date and keep being innovative to satisfy the needs of the costumers. Illegal downloading (piracy) ere other big challenge for tunes is piracy. In the last few years, tunes all ready Nortek on this problem. They now work together with the BAS, which is an organization that works on the prevention of piracy. Together they try to report as much illegal downloading as possible. This way the pirates can be punished. But still illegal downloading costs the music downloading industry around 11 billion dollar per year. Now the big challenge is how to reduce the losses as much as possible. BIBS, 2012) (Apple, 2012) (Apple, 2007) 2. 2 Problem statement How can tunes keep up with the changing music industry and the competitors in the ext 3-5 years? Sub questions * What can tunes do to stay ahead of their competitors? * In what way are the music consuming methods changing? * How can tunes keep up with the fast changing music consuming methods? How can tunes gain its value for their consumers? ere internal analysis of tunes takes a look at the value creation of tunes, what is the value of tunes for the consumers?The outcomes will be applied into the value Chain. Next to that, the analysis explains the resources and the competencies and the ones which tunes still lack. The last part of this chapter is about the competitive advantage. 3. 1 tunes and its value for the consumers Apple created a legal affordable purchasing system for digital content. The latest erosion of the software is tunes 10. 7 tunes has integrated an store. This store has several departments like the bookstore and the App store where the consumers can purchase applications and electronic books and of course the purchase of music in the Store.Tunes allows the consumer to download music, videos, games, books, bedposts, films and applications. The consumers can download the digital music for only $0,69, $0,99 or $1,29 a song. He software tunes can be downloaded for free. The software is easily to download and is available for both Mac and Windows operating systems. Looking at the smartened industry the tunes software can only be used by ISO operating systems :phone). Android, Windows, RIMS and other operating systems cannot use the mostly available for Apple consumers. He programmer has a lot of opportunities for their users like airplay, home sharing, Nerveless music and genius mixes (Apple, 2011). The user can store and distribute the legal digital music they like. The user can download the songs they like, and mix them Jp in the library so the users can play the song they like. ere latest version of tunes 10 also added Ping to their devices. Ping is a social network based around the music. The product became a failure and was removed from tunes by September 30 in 2012 (Mastication, 2012). The new gadgets of tunes are cloud and match.With cloud the newly downloaded digital music will automatically be available on all the ISO products the consumer uses and match makes sure that the consumer can collect all the music in the cloud. Even the music Inch is not purchased at tunes. All the music in tunes will be available on the ISO routs of the consumers with these two programs. In 2009 Apple removed the digital rights management (copy protection software) of all the music from the majors in the music industry. Without these DRUM, tunes can offer the music in higher quality to their customers and the customer can now actually own the song and share it with others. Major MME already started with removing the DRUM rights in 2007. The music which is downloaded before 2009 can be upgraded for $0,30 a song to the newest version without DRUM (Apple, 2009). ere content tunes delivers to the consumers is legal. This means that Apple is eying the content first from third parties. Apple pays extensive fees to gain the rights to audio and video content. For every download from tunes, Apple has to pay royalties to the producers and the artist of the content. For example a song which can be bought for $0,99, Apple keeps $0,65 and has to share$O,34 with the producers and artists (Newsletter, 2012) (Apple, 2011). Apple also has to pay fees to the developers of the products. Apple developed in 2012 new software for tunes called ;Mastered for tunes. This program is especially made for the record studios. It is a mastering software program o boost quality for the audio files. The consumers wants to have high quality and better sound in their digital content. With this program the producers are bringing back the dynamic in the songs like they do on CD. Red Hot Chili Peppers started with doing this in 2011, big artists like Bruce Springiness and Coldly followed the example. Tunes developed with this software a new advantage for the user by getting the high quality and dynamic back into the digital music (Nipper, 2012) :cataracts, 2011). Ninth the innovation and the newest technique, tunes can offer more and better services to the customers. With the upcoming smartened industry Apple introduced the App Store where the consumer can download applications designed for the ISO Pilfer, 2012). Source: (Eddie, 2012) or keep up to date with the newest music, books, films etc. tunes has to update itself regularly to keep the high quality service for the users.Also the software is updated a lot, the latest version of tunes is 10. 7, and the company is busy to develop tunes 11 Inch is planned to be delivered in November (Pepper, 2012). ere value chain of tunes Developing new versions of tunes Develop new tools User friendly / simplified design Simple user interface Mastering for tunes I Contracts with third parties for the delivering of content Digitized the content Package the content Link the products to the purchase system ;Label the content into categories like genre, artists, new etc.Up-date new content (new songs, books, films etc. ) Present the content with information and pictures of the products I Discounts and sales tunes offers legal products Apple pays royalties to the producers and artists tunes is only available for the phone no other operating systems tunes is available for both Mac and Windows operating systems for laptops and Mixing up content the consumer wants Music without DRUM I Help section for F. A. Q. For other questions you can send an e-mail cloud and match automatically send new content to the other products.The user owns the song so they can distribute it to the other Apple products User friendly I 3. 2. Which resources and competencies does tunes has? One of the resources of Apple is their patent on tunes, the thunderstorm and the tunes user interface. Apple started in 2004 with the request of getting patent on tunes and the thunderstorm which was granted to Apple in 2010. In 2012 Apple got another patent especially for their user interface (Purchaser, 2012) (Campbell, 2012). Campbell said in an article at philanderer. Mom the following: ; Apple on Tuesday was awarded a long-awaited patent regarding the user interface of the tunes Store that incorporates past applications covering how a user browses, searches for and purchases content(Campbell, 2012). Ninth these patents Apple will make it harder for the competition to keep up with their advantage and challenging them in keep going forward. tunes is a business unit of Apple Inc. In compare with their competitors Apple is pending much less money to their research and development department (Dialing, 2011).To keep up with the rapidly technological advances in the industry Apple increased its spending in research and development up to $2. 4 billion in 2011, while they invested 1. 1 billion in 2009 which was only percent of their revenue over the full year (Apple, 2011). Tunes has contracts with third parties to offer their digital content into the store. Apple pays extensive fees to gain the rights to video and audio content. These contracts are based short-term which means that there is no guarantee to continue he contracts into the future of tunes (Apple, 2011).Tunes delivers legal music at reasonable prices with easy access for the users. Tunes satisfies the needs of the users by delivering the content any time that is convenient for the user. The need of listening and using tunes at the users own time. One of the core competencies of tunes are its ;coolness design and user interfaces. ere designs and interfaces are highly respected by tunes users. The software is simplified and user friendly. Apple is delivering an unique experience to the users by their outstanding user interfaces. Integration with social media.Tunes tried to do this with Ping, a social network place based around tunes music, but failed. In September 2012 tunes quit the service. In compare with their rival Spottily, tunes misses the integration. On Backbone and other social media songs from Spottily are shared with the social media users. You can like and share the songs (Former, 2011) (Musicality, 20120). 3. 3 The competitive advantage into the four building blocks Superior quality Tunes is the gateway to digital content. The quality of tunes is that the users can buy their own content and use it any time they want.Nowadays the users can own the songs, because the big three gave tunes the opportunity to sell the songs Introit DRUM rights. Without these rights the user can own the digital music and the songs are in higher quality. With the newest technique of mastering for tunes, record companies can record the song especially for tunes which brings back the dynamic in the digital music (Apple, 2011)(Nipper, 2012) ere superior efficiency ere superior efficiency is the buying and owning of legal music for a small amount of money. The user can distribute their content amongst the different Apple products he user has. The user can mix up their content in the library and set up their own list on songs. The program is simplified, user friendly and easy to use (Apple, 2011). Superior customer responsiveness Tunes has a wide range of support services which can be a bit confusing for the user because of the information overload. The support is divided into the different parts like the products, video tutorials, manuals, technical specifications, communities, downloads, Apple ID and the customers can contact the Apple support. In the Apple support you can contact a specialist for you questions. The support device helps the customer in their own language.For new tunes updates the program sakes the user if the program can update itself (Apple. Com, 2012). Superior innovation Tunes was one of the first programs selling digital music for a small amount of money. Tunes is having an integral part in which the programs cloud and Match can synchronize the digital music to any apple product of the user. Without the DRUM rights it is possible to distribute the digital music (Apple, 2009)(Apple, 2011). With the upcoming smartened industry tunes also offers applications which are nowadays he primary driver of the revenues (Eddie, 2011).Competitive advantage Tunes has a tremendous amount of innovative features like, cloud, Match and Applications while the company does not invest a big amount of money into their RD section in compare with the revenue the company gains. Even though Apple still has the biggest market share. The legal music, simplified design and user 4. External analysis 4. 1 . MACRO environment or give a good view on the macro environment, the method used to analyses the macro environment is PESTLE, created by Michael E. Porter. (Porter, 2008)Political factors: -International relations: International relations can influence the contracts between parties, in a good way, but also in a bad way. China for instance blocked tunes Store, caused by the bad relationship between America and China. (SMS. Com, 2008) Economic Factors: Depression: Worldwide there has been a depression in the economy. This means a period of drastic decline in the international economy, with a lot of unemployment. Consumers have stopped buying products that arent that necessary to have since they are too expensive. Cads also make part in this category.

Tea Leaves free essay sample

Fuente 4th block 18 February 2013 Divination by Tea Leaves The divination of tea leaves began in the 17th century when tea became a very popular drink. As people began drinking their tea, they came up with tasseomancy, or tasseography, which is just a type of tea leaf divination. People prefer divination by tea leaves because it is the easiest and most accessible for everyday people. It is a form of scyring. First of all, Tea is poured into a cup without a strainer, and the inquirer contemplates their issue and then drinks all the tea. With the moisture left in the cup, they then spin the leaves three times clockwise and turn the cup upside down. Then someone reads the pattern of the tea leaves and determines the inquirers fortune, be it good or bad. Many people do not use this form of divination for it takes more psychic ability than non-psychic. We will write a custom essay sample on Tea Leaves or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page You read the symbols based on standard interpretations. It’s said that the closer to the rim the leaves are, the sooner they are to happen. The rim is labeled as the future, whereas the bottom of the cup is the distant future or the outcome of your conflict. The only problem is that there are different systems of symbolic interpretations. Choosing the right type of tea leaf divination is key to becoming comfortable with the system and get accurate readings. However, divination isn’t used to make your decision for you. Divination is merely used to help inspire you in making your own decisions. The tea leaves seen can be depicted in different ways depending on how open your imagination is. As said above, there are many different ways that you can read your tea leaves. You just have to find the one that is suitable for your situation and make sure you keep an open imagination. Works Cited www. divinationbytealeaves. com www. wicca-spirituality. com .

How the Nazi Government Provided Job for Unemployed Germans

How the Nazi Government Provided Job for Unemployed Germans Free Online Research Papers After the Great Depression, 6 million Germans were left unemployed. However, by 1939, the figure was reduced to 119,000 people. Why does this happen? In 1932, Hitler decided to build 7000km of motorway (autobahns.) His reasoning for this was to provide a better route for vehicles when the war starts up again. By September 1933, the first motorway was built, which provided 600,000 jobs. Supplies were needed, such as: steel, concrete etc. So, the state paid for the private companies to provide what they needed. The companies hired new workers to exceed the demand. This got people out of unemployment. In 1933, a 600RM marriage loan was supplied to all unemployed women. This was to persuade them to give up their jobs for men. But, it worked; 700,000 women took up the offer of the 600RM, which was given in a form of vouchers and could only be used to buying household items. These women could buy items such as prams, for their babies. The company which makes prams would then need to hire more workers to help exceed the demand. In addition, the Nazis cut taxes, which meant the working class had more money. Therefore, they can spend more money on items, which meant that shop owners wouldve needed to employ more workers. However, childless couples had to pay higher taxes. Adding to the Nazis aim of persuading women to give up their jobs, they literally banned women from being judges or lawyers in 1936. The civil service was also told to employ men over women. Finally, Hitler introduced The Law for the Reduction of Unemployment, which meant women and Jews were forced out of their jobs. Furthermore, the Nazis stopped unemployment benefits, which forced people to work. Also, in 1935, Hitler introduced conscription which meant that all 18-25 year old men were required to work in the army for 2 years. This meant that other men outside this age range could take their jobs, which decreased the amount of job-less citizens. In 1934, a youth group called RAD provided 400,000 jobs and the armed forces grew from 100,000 in 1933 to 1,400,000 in 1939. This meant that there was less unemployment. One of the Nazi aims was to rearm Germany (almost 20 billion RM was invested in rearmament.) In 1935, the Nazis provided more jobs to make weapons in preparation for the war. What were the economic effects of Nazi policies towards Jews and towards women? In Germany 1933, there were 100,000 women teachers, 3000 women doctors and one tenth of the Reichstag members were women. For the Nazis, this was yet another sign of how degenerate and corrupt Weimar Germany was. What the Nazis wanted from women was a more traditional role, they wanted mothers. The policy for women in 1933, was the 3 Ks. (Kirche, Kuche and Kinder) This translated to Church, cooking and children. The Nazis wanted women to stay at home and look after the home and their children. To achieve this aim, they needed women out of employment. In 1933, the Law for the Reduction of Unemployment prevented any woman from becoming civil servants, doctors or lawyers. Also, in October in the same year, official guidelines were introduced for all companies to employ men over women. The economic effect of this was that women were out of their jobs. Therefore, men could replace them. Furthermore, marriage loans were provided to women who gave up their jobs. These women were given 600RM in a form of vouchers, which they could only spend on furniture. Therefore, this boosts the income of industries, which exceeds the demand of customers, so they need to employ more workers. This is also part of another Nazi aim to make Germany self-sufficient. (Autarky) The Nazis provided money for couples to have children. In 1935, large families were given grants of up to 100RM per child. Birth control centres were closed down and less contraception became available. Therefore, more women became pregnant. In another attempt to keep women at home, the Nazis decided to cut peoples debts by a quarter, every time they produced a child. However, it seemed to work, 42% of women gave up their jobs, which meant there were more jobs available to men. In 1936, the economy was suffering from a labour shortage. At the moment, the policy was that a womans place was in the home, which the Nazis wanted to change. The idea of female conscription was suggested to Hitler, but he refused. However, in 1939, a compulsory agricultural labour service was introduced for unmarried women under the age of 25. Also, in 1942, women between 17.45 were told to register for work. Therefore, the policy was change due to the economic need. In 1933, Jews were considered as successful: 10% of them were doctors, 16% were lawyers, but far more owned businesses. Even though Hitler resented them, he wasnt the centre of the attacks against them. Local people began to vandalize Jewish shops. However, Hitler sympathizes with them, so he wanted to plan a boycott against the Jews. But, as advised by President Schacht, (Head of the Reichsbank) he decided that it shouldnt go ahead. This was because Jews contribute too much to the economy, so Germany would lose money for rearmament. Instead, Schacht suggested a gradual policy of attacking Jews, whereby there would be a one-day boycott. So, on 1st April 1933, due to the excess of antisemitic propaganda, there was a nationwide boycott. This will keep the people happy. Due to the drastic effect on the economy, the Nazis couldnt just close down all the businesses. However, they close down some and prevent any new ones from opening up. This would only effect full-Jews at the moment. Ther efore, the Nazis create a gradual policy to shut down Jewish businesses. From 1933, the Nazis wanted to stop Jews from becoming German citizens. However, Jews generate plenty of money for Germany. Therefore, Germany needs the Jews to keep the economy successful. By the end of 1935, the economy is going well. So, Hitler lended the Jewish Hertie Department stores money to maintain the success of the economy. In 1937, the economy is going well because of Schachts ideas. Therefore, the Jews are no longer needed. The Nazis decide to get rid of Schacht, as they could now afford to. He was replaced by Goering, who wanted to Aryanize businesses, which contributed to the Nazi aim of making Germany self-sufficient and being run by pure Germans (the Aryan race.) This meant that the Jewish firms were voluntarily sold to Germans. In 1938, their policy was to squeeze Jews out of the German economic life. This was proceeded by the Jews not being given any raw materials, so they couldnt produce anything. Therefore, they had no choice but to hand over their businesses. On 18th October 1936, a decree was issued, registrating all Jewish property to enable The Nazis to take over. In one year, 32,000 businesses were taken over. In 1938, an incident titled, Crystal Night was another example of how the Jews were gradually pushed out of German economic life. It involved Germans destroying all Jewish shops and burning down the synagogues, where the police and fire services were told not to interfere. This created huge damage, which the Jews had to pay up for because the Nazis had fined them 1 billion RM out of their insurance. The money raised went towards rearmament. 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Topic and apa review of literture narctics Essay

Topic and apa review of literture narctics - Essay Example Also, massive corruption and inadequate legislation on drug trafficking have perpetrated drug smuggling in the country. With improving law enactment in regions of operation of the cartels, the immense power, which the cartels had in 1990s, is slowly diminishing. However, Mexico still remains a den for drug barons and most of the drug cartels are still in operation despite incarcerations and killings of their founders. Mexican Drug Cartels Introduction The drug cartels have been in constant pursuit of regional control against forces of the Mexican government. The government focus has been to exterminate the gruel murders that result from powerful drug cartels duels. The Mexican government has for long focused on ending the fight between drug moguls rather than stopping drug trafficking, particularly into the U.S. The Mexican Drug Cartels can be traced back to several decades ago. However, they have been increasingly gaining power since the demise of Colombia’s Cali and Medellin cartels during 1990s (The National, 2011). Currently, the Mexican Drug Cartels dominate illicit drug market and control about 90 percent of illegal drugs smuggled into the U.S. this paper explores The Mexican Drug cartels and the reasons for their existence. Drug Production and Trafficking Marijuana, heroine, cocaine and methamphetamine, are the main drugs that drug barons smuggle across the border between the U.S. and Mexico (Shanty & Mishra, 2008). Marijuana and opium are grown in Mexico in plenty. According to Shanty and Mishra (2008), the quantity of marijuana supplied to the U.S. at one time from Mexico was approximately 95 percent of the overall marijuana consumed in the U.S. Presently, Mexico smuggles less than half the marijuana supplied to the United States. However, almost all cocaine that is smuggled into the United States first goes through Mexico before reaching the U.S. Most of the cocaine transported to the U.S. are airlifted or shipped from Colombia into Mexico befo re being smuggled across the U.S.-Mexico border (Shanty & Mishra, 2008). â€Å"About one-third of all heroine that enters the United States is developed from opium poppy plants grown in Mexico† (Shanty & Mishra, 2008, p.332). Mexico also established an attractive market for methamphetamine manufactured from precursor chemicals, which the Mexican government does not strictly regulate their importation. The chemicals are imported from countries like India, China and the U.S. The vast number of individuals, who cross the border into the U.S. daily, complicates the extent to which the government can control the flow of illegal drugs into the country (Grillo, 2012). For instance, approximately 295 million people, 88 million automobiles and 4.5 million trucks cross the U.S-Mexico boundary each year. Out of this estimation, just 10 vehicles are stopped and less this number is checked (Shanty & Mishra, 2008). Also, massive corruption among government officials encourage drug traffick ing in the country (Grillo, 2012; Klabin, 2013). In 1980s, drug smuggling was facilitated by drug consortiums that offered services to Colombian cartels for a fee of about $1,000-$2,000 for every kilogram of cocaine (Shanty & Mishra, 2008). Owing to the high level of risks in the trade, the syndicates demanded for a large chunk of profit share. Within a short span, the Mexican drug cartels were getting up to more than half the profits generated from cocaine trade. This lucrative gain enabled the Mexican drug cartels to take over as chief suppliers of cocaine. They also

Assessment Accommodation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Assessment Accommodation - Research Paper Example Accommodation is a word that can be described as an adjustment of the certain environment or a curriculum format to allow an individual to have an access to the learnings that he could gain from it or to somehow to complete the assigned tasks. An example of accommodation is the use of sign language in the teaching-learning process in order for the student to understand the lesson. If accommodation is known to be the â€Å"adjustment† or â€Å"alteration† of the curriculum to accommodate the student’s needs, the modification is the â€Å"change in the curriculum† for the students who cannot go with the actual comprehension process during the class discussion. An example of this is the reduction of the number of assignments for a certain student who has a lower level of comprehension compare to an average student. There are times when teachers commit the mistake of thinking she is in a classroom with the homogenous type of students. However, in reality, students, in general, are heterogeneous. Students have different needs and different weaknesses. Take this status-quo for instance: â€Å"Based on Census and Immigration and Naturalization Services records, it is estimated that there are79 million school-age language minority children in the United States. This bilingual population is distributed throughout the United States with heavier concentrations in the southwest and northeast. The highest concentration is in the large urban areas.† (http://www.teachervision.fen.com) You need to be sure that your student can understand the language or the vocabulary level that is being used in discussing the lesson. If not, it is important to teach them first the essential vocabulary that they need to understand.  Ã‚  

Is ethics profitable Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Is ethics profitable - Essay Example The constantly changing competitive environments in the business world forces businesses to find new methods to counter the competition as opposed to the so-called traditional ways. These traditional methods included better products, more services, or lower prices. In the contemporary world, business firms are responding to these competition challenges by introducing partnerships and more mutual relationships with their customers and other stakeholders in the business. In the last years, there have been discussions regarding ethics practices in business firms. The general assumption of this subject is that firms need to do what is morally right for their customers as well as their employees. However, the common practice in the business field is that of unethical and illegal activities. Most organizations are yet to understand or realize the financial impact of high ethical standards in business firms (Heskett et al. 34). According to most businesses in the present world, ethical practices impose an unnecessary financial constraint. Tax evasion and underpaid personnel comprise unethical but, nonetheless, appealing practices. From this perspective, it seems that profits and ethics have an inverse relationship. Managers and directors of businesses assume that ethical practices and programs are very expensive activities. This means that ethical practices have no positive impacts on the profitability of business firms. In this case, this ideology suggests ethics as not being profitable to a business organization. It seems that companies with ethical practices record low or constant profits, and hence, most managers still rely on the traditional modes of improving profit levels of an organization. On a more positive aspect, ethics improves the profit levels of a business firm through various ways. Examples from the business field indicate that there is a positive correlation between a firm’s activit ies, ethical behaviors, and the firm’s bottom line outcomes. The reputation of a business in terms of ethical business activities can be a major source of competitive advantage in the business segment. The most important ways in which ethics contributes towards profitability of a company is through the minimization of the cost of business transactions, construction of a foundation of trust with stakeholders, and maintenance of social capital. More so, high standards of a firm’s ethics contribute towards an internal environment of successful teamwork amongst employees which, in turn, impact the profit levels. According to various studies, companies viewed as ethical by company stakeholders, for instance, employees, public, customers, and suppliers, enjoy several competitive advantages. These competitive advantages in the business community include higher levels of commitment, higher levels of efficiency in operations, and increased levels of

Schistosoma Mansoni Tegument Proteins

Schistosoma Mansoni Tegument Proteins Tran, M., Pearson, Bethony, J., Smyth, D., Jones, M., Duke, M., Don, T., McManus, D., Correa-Oliveira, R. and Loukas, A. (2006) Tetraspanins on the surface of Schistosoma mansoni are protective antigens against schistosomiasis, Nature medicine., 12(7), pp. 835-40.    Braschi, S., Borges, W. and Wilson, R. (2007) Proteomic analysis of the schistosome tegument and its surface membranes, Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz., 101, pp. 205-12. Tetraspanins are family found within the tegument that has shown to be accessible to host immunoglobulin by proteomic analysis (Braschi et al., 2006). The surface membrane of B cells has tetraspanins, it is also found on the suface of the schistosome tegument   Schulte et al. (2013). Function of both schistosome tetraspanins and mammalian tetraspanins   have similar function (Tran et al. (2013).   Tran et al (2006) suggested that expression and purification of the extracellular loop 2 of both TSP- 1 and TSP-2 of S.mansoni with E.coli thioredexin as soluble proteins. This was done by a mice been immunised three times   with rTSP-1 which is a recombinant. The count of the worm burdens, liver egg burdens and faecal egg was controlled and reduction was found in the counts. Due to the reduction of faecal egg count, a vaccine for schistosomiasis is achievable in which reduction of all the eggs in the environment is attained thereby reducing re-infection in the society. If the number of burden of faecal egg is reduced, it suggest that the symptoms linked with build up eggs in host is reduced. As seen using recombinant (rTSP-1) showed 34% reduction in worm burden through vaccination. Also r(TSP-2) showed 57% reduction of worm burden with vaccination. Due to screeni ng of of specific antibodies against the recombinant proteins in individual exposed to S. mansoni , levels of IgG3 and IgG1 with TSP-2 showed increased resistance in the individual in which IGe wasnt recognised. IgE is shown to come into effect when there is parasitic infection; Tan et al. (2006) said that   IgG3 and IgG1 with TSP-2 posseses protective characteistics which indicate that it could be an effective vaccine for scistosomiasis. Aquaporin is another molecule found on the surface of schistosomes and there is a lot of the Aquaporin protein within the tegument of S. mansoni ( Castro- Borges et al., 2011). SmAQP is found in both male and female worms whereby it enables nutrient transportation, drug uptake and osmoregulation (Faghiri et al., 2010). This led to scientist studying SmAQP whereby it has a chaacteristics of protecting the mice (Figueiredo et al. 2014). A chimeric form of SmAQP which is cSmAQP was made to conduct immunisation studies, whereby there was a control and mice injected with cSmAQP. This led to no worm burden been reduce and there was no reduction in parasite burden (Figueiredo et al., 2014). Figueiredo et al. (2014) suggested that when binding SmAQP to antibodies it doesnt stop the protein protein from functioning. The efficacy of S.mansori vaccine candidate Sm-p80 were measured using two methods. A prime boost vaccination strategy and a recombinant protein method. Both methods were carried out in the presence of a synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN). ODN contains unmethylated CpG dinucleotides as an adjuvant. Firstly, C57BL/6 mice were immunised with a control prime-boost (100ug pcDNA3) and experimental prime boost (100 ug Sm-p80-pcDNA3).   Also, Experimental recombinant protein (25ug rSm-p80 mixed with 50ug ODN)   or the control recombinant protein (50ug ODN). The results showed a significant worm burden in both groups. Mice immunised with the prime boost strategy had a 57% reduction whilst mice immunised using the recombinant strategy combined with ODN had a 70% reduction. Ahmad et al discovered there was also a 71% reduction in egg production in mice immunised with the prime-boost strategy and 75% reduction in egg production in mice immunised with the recombinant protein and ODN strategy. Also,   cercarial radiation attenuated vaccines (RA) has high levels of protection and this has been set as the standard for inducing protein in animal models. Some parts of the S. mansori tegument have been found to induce partial protection against schistosome challenge in animal models. In a recent study conducted by Teixeira de Melo et al 2010, mice were immunised with the whole tegument of S. mantory, (Smteg). Freuds adjuvant was used to immunise C57BL/6 mice. The mice were challenged with cercariae thirsty days after the last injection. The results showed a significant reduction in the worm, liver egg and faecal egg burdens compared to the control group. Teixeira de Melo et al. (2010) collected worms from the immunised mice and concluded that the worms were physically impaired indicating that the teguments of schostosomes were damaged. Additionally, all the eggs collected from faeces were dead however, it is unclear as to which of the specific protein contributed towards this protective immunity characteristic. 3.2 In a study perfomed by Cao X. et al (2014), two independent group of BALB/c mice were immunised with recombinant SjPDI with Montanide ISA 206 VG adjuvant and challenged with cercariae. The protective efficacy was evaluated. The result found showed a reduction of 35.32% and 26.19% when compared with control groups. 33.17% and 31.7% decrease in egg counts were also noticed. The protein SjNPP-5 from the family of nucleotide phosphodiesterase family (NPPs) was studied as a vaccine target. This protein is responsible for various types of physiological processes. (Rofatto et all 2009). In further research, Zhang et al (2011) tested the efficiency of this protein as a vaccine target. This was achieved by immunising ten BALB/c mice with recombinant SjNPP-5. The mice were then challenged with cercariae. The result showed a reduction in worm of 29.9% and there was a 26.21% reduction of liver egg count. The test shows that the protein possesses good immunogenicity and an increased level of specific antibodies. Lv et al 2009 tested a calcium-binding protein from the tegument of S japonicum for its ability to protect mice against schistosomiasis infection. Eight mice were immunised with SJCa8 and was dissolved in PBS with Freuds adjuvant. The mice were also challenged with S.janonicum cercariae. Immunised mice were compared to controlled mice. The results showed a reduction of 50.39%. this results could signify that the calcium-binding protein SjCa8 may make a suitable vaccine for the minimization of the pathogenesis of schistosome infection. * Yan et al (2005) used sera from M.fortis to screen and adult japonicum cDNA library for the identification of antigens that evoke protective response in M. fortis. Some of the clones identified by cDNA library screening partially encoded a member of the serine proteinase inhibitor. A full-length sequence encoding this protein was extracted. The S japonicum serpin (Sj serpin) was used to immunise C57BL/6 mice. The mice were also challenged with cercariae 3 weeks after the last boosting. Reduction of 34-36% in worm burdens was noticed. Also, Egg counts had a 39-40% reduction compared to the controlled group. Overall, the test for Sj serpin was lower than 40% therefore is not considered an effective protein antigen. Furthermore, Hong et al 2015 analysed proteins recognised by susceptible (mice) and resistant (M.fortis) antibodies before and after schistosome infection using comparative immunoproteomics. Hong proposed that proteins recognised by the resistant M.fortis sera would be effective vaccines on the other hand, proteins recognized by both resistant and susceptible would be suitable for diagnostic purposes. a heat shock protein known as   DnaJ was recognized by sera from the M. Fortis (resistant). Hong et la 2015 conducted a vaccination of mice with the recombinant form of Dnaj derived from schistosome japonicum. The results showed a reduction in worm burdens 34.5% and reduction of liver egg count 48.9% in the immunised mice. This illustrates that this molecule induce partial protection against S.japonicum. overall, it can be concluded that SjDna is not an effective protein antigen. 3.3 Schistosoma haematobium tegument proteins Research into schistosomiasis haematobium vaccine generally has been inconclusive. Moreover, recently, a 23kDa antigen from the member of a tetraspanin family has been analysed for its potential vaccine target in S.haematobium (inal and Bickle 1995). Mice in this study were immunised with large hydrophilic domain of Sh23 as a fusion with glutathione S-transferase. The mice were challenged with cercariae. After 8 weeks, the mice were infused. Evidence of worm burden reduction was not seen. Golden Syrian hamsters were vaccinated with recombinant Sm-p80. When challenged with schistosomiasis haematobium carcariae, there was a reduction of 48% in worm burden and 66% in liver egg burden. 63% reductions in intestinal egg retention were also discovered. Karmakar et al 2014, concluded that this was not a suitable model for studying the pathogenesis of schistosomiasis haematobium. The reason provided was due to the fact that there were no eggs detected in the urinary bladder of the vaccinated or control group. Similarly, baboons were used for immunisation experiments. The baboons were also immunised with the same combination of Sm-p80. The baboons displayed no reduction in urinary bladder egg load. There was a 40% reduction of faecal egg and a 53% reduction of urine egg. This result may indicate that Sm-p80 could be effective against both urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis. Karmakar et al 2014 Tran, M., Pearson, Bethony, J., Smyth, D., Jones, M., Duke, M., Don, T., McManus, D., Correa-Oliveira, R. and Loukas, A. (2006) Tetraspanins on the surface of Schistosoma mansoni are protective antigens against schistosomiasis, Nature medicine., 12(7), pp. 835-40. Braschi, S., Borges, W. and Wilson, R. (2007) Proteomic analysis of the schistosome tegument and its surface membranes, Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz., 101, pp. 205-12. Schulte L.  et al.  (2013) Tetraspanin-2 localisation in high pressure frozen and freeze-substituted Schistosoma mansoni adult males reveals its distribution in membranes of tegumentary vesicles, International Journal for Parasitology, 43(10), pp. 785-793. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.04.003. Castro-Borges, W., Simpson, D., Dowle, A., Curwen, R., Thomas-Oates, J., Beynon, R. and Wilson, R. (2011) Abundance of tegument surface proteins in the human blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni determined by QconCAT proteomics, Journal of proteomics., 74(9), pp. 1519-33. Faghiri, Z., Camargo, S.M.R., Huggel, K., Forster, I.C., Ndegwa, D., Verrey, F. and Skelly, P.J. (2010) The Tegument of the human parasitic worm Schistosoma mansoni as an excretory organ: The surface Aquaporin SmAQP is a lactate transporter, 5(5). Pinheiro, C.S., Ribeiro, A.P.D., Cardoso, F.C., Martins, V.P., Figueiredo, B.C.P., Assis, N.R.G., Morais, S.B., Caliari, M.V., Loukas, A. and Oliveira, S.C. (2014) A multivalent chimeric vaccine composed of Schistosoma mansoni SmTSP-2 and Sm29 was able to induce protection against infection in mice, Parasite Immunology, 36(7), pp. 303-312. doi: 10.1111/pim.12118. Ahmad, G., Zhang, W., Torben, W., Haskins, C., Diggs, S., Noor, Z., Le, L. and Siddiqui, A.A. (2009) Prime-boost and recombinant protein vaccination strategies using Sm-p80 protects against Schistosoma mansoni infection in the mouse model to levels previously attainable only by the irradiated cercarial vaccine, 105(6). TEIXEIRA de MELO, T., MICHEL de ARAUJO, J., Do VALLE DURÃÆ'ES, F., CALIARI, M.V., OLIVEIRA, S.C., COELHO, P.M.Z. and FONSECA, C.T. (2010) Immunization with newly transformed Schistosoma mansoni schistosomula tegument elicits tegument damage, reduction in egg and parasite burden, Parasite Immunology, 32(11-12), pp. 749-759. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2010.01244.x. Yan, Y., Liu, S., Song, G., Xu, Y. and Dissous, C. (2005) Characterization of a novel vaccine candidate and serine proteinase inhibitor from Schistosoma japonicum (Sj serpin), Veterinary parasitology., 131, pp. 53-60. Hong, Y., Han, Y., Fu, Z., Han, H., Qiu, C., Zhang, M., Yang, J., Shi, Y., Li, X. and Lin, J. (2013) CHARACTERIZATION AND EXPRESSION OF THE SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM THIOREDOXIN PEROXIDASE-2 GENE, The Journal of Parasitology, 99(1), pp. 68-76. doi: 10.2307/23355019. Hong et al., 2013 Hong . et. al. (2015) Screening diagnostic candidates for Schistosomiasis from Tegument proteins of adult Schistosoma japonicum using an Immunoproteomic approach, 9(2). Inal, J. and Bickle, Q. (1995) Sequence and immunogenicity of the 23-kDa transmembrane antigen of Schistosoma haematobium, Molecular and biochemical parasitology., 74(2), pp. 217-21. Karmakar, S., Zhang, W., Ahmad, G., Torben, W., Alam, M.U., Le, L., Damian, R.T., Wolf, R.F., White, G.L., Carey, D.W., Carter, D., Reed, S.G. and Siddiqui, A.A. (2014) Cross-species protection: Schistosoma mansoni Sm-p80 vaccine confers protection against Schistosoma haematobium in hamsters and baboons, 32(11).

Quarrel De La Rose :: essays research papers

Christine de Pisan in her Querrel de la Rose criticizes Roman de la Rose, which is a love poem. This poem â€Å"describes the ultimately successful quest of a lover for the mystical and fleshly Rose†. Christine is totally against the poem and attacks of strongly. It is marvelous how Christine de Pisan starts her writing in Quarrel de la Rose. She starts showing you modesty of her self, and appears very calm. She stings you then in a sweet style illuminating why is she against the work she is criticizing. Her modesty can be seen, or better to call her understatement, in page 125. When you continue reading and you reach the middle of it, you will see how gradually transforms from calmness to showing strong protest, which is covered up with polite style. Still the ironic tone she uses exposes her disapproval. An example for her emotional ironical tone would be seen in page 128, which she dedicates to discuss the issue of women in the work she is criticizing. I agree with Christine de Pisan on condemning the poem, but I disagree with her in the way she represents her disapproval and the way she protests against the work. She expresses her refusal to such a poem by the way she chooses words. It is seen in her using the language, which reflects her feelings towards the work mentioned, such as in page 127. When the page is read, it will be clear that her emotions control her style. She is not being objective, but she has a very good case against the work she’s criticizing as I believe, Further more, another matter I disagree with her in that she should have read the book she is criticizing with carefulness and patience. In page 126, she admits that she read it with rush. In my opinion, any one who criticizes, or even protests against any work, which is in this case a

The current business environment

The current business environment is characterized by a considerable level of competitive rivalry and as a result businesses have to constantly reengineer their internal processes in order to develop a sustainable competitive advantage.This is the situation in the airline industry and as a result Air Asia has to develop a sustainable competitive advantage. It is believed that the installation of the e-commerce application will facilitate the implementation of the most important strategy: maximizing access to information.This is one of the most important strengths for the company not only because the company will be in a position to collect more information about its customers, but also because the customers will be able to get more information as well. As a result, this will serve as an advertising tool for the company. In this respect, the company will not be facing any problem because the strategy is being implemented through a joint venture with Microsoft.The airline industry is ch aracterized by a high level of competitive intensity and therefore Air Asia has to constantly reengineer its internal operations in order to build and maintain a competitive edge. In this respect, the strategic focus of the company is cost minimization.uAccording to Michael Porter’s framework for strategy formulation, a business organization has three strategies at its disposal in order to build and maintain a competitive advantage. These are differentiation, cost minimization and focus (cited in Fred, 2006). Although Air Asia might be said to be implementing all three strategies, its focus is on minimizing costs.The company is implementing the strategy of focus by targeting underserved markets while it is implementing the strategy of differentiation by adding value-added services to its repertoire.However the reasoning behind choosing to adopt these strategies has been to locate opportunities for ensuring customer satisfaction through focusing on areas of the market which ha ve not been targeted by competitors. As a result, Air Asia manages to charge lower prices than many of its competitors while maintaining comparable standards of quality.Mobile commerce is an extension of e-commerce according to which computer systems can be accessed through the internet on mobile devices such as PDA, smartphone or a cell phone (cited in Hitt, 2007). Mobil commerce has greater flexibility than e-commerce because it has satellite connectivity.As a result, devices which do not have internet connectivity but which have satellite connectivity can conduct transactions via m-commerce. In this respect, it must be mentioned that m-commerce can conduct video and audio conferencing. Therefore the application of m-commerce leads to greater scope for business-to-business and business-to consumer exchanges.This has become the crucial business model in the current business environment which is characterized by a high level of competitive rivalry. This means that businesses must fo cus on the process of cost minimization. This is facilitated through both e-commerce and m-commerce applications as they facilitate the development of B2B and B2C frameworks. However m-commerce is more convenient because of its greater accessibility.Air Asia’s application of Windows Vista can be extended to m-commerce because Microsoft has already developed operating systems for mobile phones.Therefore Microsoft will be in a position to create interoperability between e-commerce and m-commerce through the Air Asia gadget. Although m-commerce is wirelessly connected, it has the flexibility of being connected through e-commerce as well. This means that any solutions developed for e-commerce can be accessible through m-commerce.This will benefit the consumers because they will not have to be connected to the internet once the Windows Vista application is made compatible in the m-commerce platform. In this respect, the costs of conducting e-commerce applications are higher than m -commerce applications. E-commerce requires connectivity via a personal computer. With m-commerce the same amount of information can be processed through a cell phone.

buy custom Recruit Select and Induct Staff essay

buy custom Recruit Select and Induct Staff essay Full life cycle recruiting refers to the process of finding, evaluating, and assimilating new employees into the organization. The process helps the business to fulfill its staffing needs through hiring qualified individuals that will ensure the success of the organization. Some company carry out this process in their organization while others delegate this duty to personnel agencies. The management should consider all the policies that affect recruitment in the organization. The policies include equal employment opportunities and discrimination which if not considered would cause conflicts in the workplace thus inefficiency in the work force. Full life cycle recruiting consists of a series of sets that interlink. When a post in the organization becomes vacant, the job description of the vacant post is evaluated by the human resource department. The job description receives approval from the management and using appropriate media the post is announced internally or externally depending on the target audience. The organizaton may use memo, news papers, internet and professional bodies to source for applicants. Some organization visits tertiary institutions during career fairs to recruit workers into the organization. Recruitment of workers is effective if the announcement reaches the targeted audience. For an external audience, the organization should use means frequently used by the public. Applicants send their information to the company. After evaluation of their professional qualifications and their presentations, a successful candidate receives the job offer. The recruitment process may start again if the selection panel is not contented with the candidate, cases of corruption affect the selection process, or the candidate turns down the job offer. The organization has to re-advertise the position to receive other applicants. The selection process narrows down the option available to the recruitment team. The candidate that has the best combination of qualities is offered the job. The candidate offered the job receives the terms of employment and negotiations on the saalary may take place. Induction is the final process in the recruitment cycle; the candidate signs a contract agreeing to the terms of employment. The reporting date is established at this stage. The organization evaluates the workers documents conducting a background check to check the credibility of the worker. The organization may evaluate criminal records, previous employee files and referees quoted by the worker in his resume. After evaluation and validation of this information, the employee reports and is introduced to the organization. A member of the staff is selected to induct the new employee. The person selected should be knowledgeable to represent the organization is the right way. Induction determines the ease of settling into the organizations practices. Induction should take a log time to ensure that the new employee understands the activities conducted in the organization. Equipping the new worker with the information needed to work efficiently in the company enhances the organization effectiveness. Buy custom Recruit Select and Induct Staff essay

buy custom Captivating Nursing Essay Examples on Nursing Care about the Patient Theory

buy custom Captivating Nursing Essay Examples on Nursing Care about the Patient Theory Nursing Essay Example on Application of Nursing Theory Section 1 Introduction The nursing theories represent a set of interrelated concepts, which are self-explanatory and predictive. These theories are collected models, definitions, assumptions and propositions. The theories of nursing are derived from two basic methods; inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. The objectives are to assess the condition of the patient through the various methods, which are explained in accordance with nursing theory. The needs of the patient can also be identified through the scope of this body of knowledge. The rules of effective interaction and communication with the patient can be clearly elucidated through nursing theories. The theories can be selected according to the needs of the patient. The patients diagnosis can be determined through the use of the main concepts of the nursing theory in order for him to be successfully healed. These theories can also be used to cope with the needs of the patient. The process can also be evaluated according to the obtained results .

Violence and Victimization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Violence and Victimization - Essay Example The frequency of occurrence of such instances is dependent on various factors. Such factors form the basis for the argument that proposes social causes to violent behavior. It may be argued that people whose parents demonstrated violent behavior are more likely to be violent as compared to those whose parents were more peaceful (Besemer, 2014). That may lead to a linkage of such behavior to biological traits. However, a closer study may reveal other factors that result in such connection between the parents and their offspring. Human beings are social beings, and therefore tend to learn and adapt to different environments. Socialization thus brings out different traits in them. One can, therefore, draw conclusions as to the correlation between violent behavior and social structures (Laland and Brown, 2011). For instance, for those cases where the violent acts of someone have led to a linkage to the violent acts of the parents, it may be possible to establish social causes to such a link. It may be that the person may have experienced violence in their childhood, which affects their actions causing them to be violent. Studies indicate that children from abusive families tend to be more abusive as they grow (Besemer, 2014). Also, those exposed to violence in their childhood end up with violent tendencies in their later years. That is because they develop a form of retaliation to adversity and based on their past, this turns out to be violence. Another important social factor to violent behavior is the relationship a mother has with her child. Where there exists a poor mother-child relationship, chances are that the child may develop violent tendencies in future (Besemer, 2014). That may be because the child may experience frequent punishment from the mother as a result of the anxious attachment between them. Apart from such maternal punitiveness and paternal inattentiveness, other social factors among peers also

Personality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Personality - Essay Example to be more active to accept obstacles. Conscientiousness: Conscientious individuals attain high levels of success through focused planning and perseverance. My score is 13. This will help me in achieving a suitable position in my future carrier. Possibly one of the most well recognized personality tools is the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator ® (MBTI). What’s My Jungian 16-Type Personality is a type of test that is not keen on calculating one’s abilities or skills in any area, rather it is a method to assist a person to become conscious of his or her particular type of style.. Within the 16 type personality trait I belong to the ISTJ trait. These trait characteristics are found to be practical and organized and there is a scope for better career choice as a business manager or an office manager who will get higher opportunities in an organization. Yes, people with ENFP type of personality direct their powers towards the external world of activities and spoken words. As my personality score is 90, I am a Type B personality. The person acquiring this type is found to be enjoying their achievements and is more likely to face any challenges or obstacles. I am creative and I like to explore new ideas and concepts in solving the decision making process. This has helped me a lot in attaining success in most of my team work. 1) Results of the personality test point out my character of preferring to maintain personal development as well as build up my career. I need to keep on challenging myself intellectually. According to this test, there are 16 different kinds of personalities. â€Å"Where you focus your attention† (Sample Myers Briggs Personality Report n.d pg 1). 2) Each personality type has its own characteristic which can be recognized through different traits of an individual. In my group, I have judged the personality traits of three of my members. The personality traits of my group members belong to the ENTJ, ISFJ and ENFP

Comprehensive Physical Exam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Comprehensive Physical Exam - Assignment Example According to the records, the knee was swollen and the treatment given was Naprosyn 500mg. The patient confirms that the medication did not help to reduce the pain. Presently the patient is experiencing pain at the same spot with a rating of five at rest and eight while walking on a smooth surface. According to the patient, the only place that is experiencing pain is the right knee and no tingling or numbness in any other part of the body. The patient’s heart is in perfect shape and she has not experienced any difficulty in breathing. The genitourinary assessment proves that there is no sign of infection because the patient is not experiencing any discharge or burning sensation. The patient is not feeling any bowel or stomach problems. There is no sign of skin lesions or rashes. The patient explains that the medication prescribed was not effective. From the ROS, the patient suffers from rheumatoid arthritis (Cush, Weinblatt & Kavanaugh, 2010). This conclusion is drawn from the patient’s information (Bickley & Szilagyi, 2012). The patient is supposed to have some blood tests done to test for rheumatoid factor and also have an X-ray conducted on her to confirm if it is the correct diagnosis. After confirmation then the correct treatment will be known. Meanwhile, the patient is educated on how to manage the rheumatoid arthritis (St, C. E. W., Pisetsky, & Haynes,

As You Like It - the Play Essay Example for Free

As You Like It the Play Essay As You Like It is considered by many to be one of Shakespeares greatest comedies, and the heroine, Rosalind, is praised as one of his most inspiring characters and has more lines than any of Shakespeares female characters. Rosalind, the daughter of a banished duke falls in love with Orlando the disinherited son of one of the dukes friends. When she is banished from the court by her usurping uncle, Duke Frederick , Rosalind switches genders and as Ganymede travels with her loyal cousin Celia and the jester Touchstone to the Forest of Arden, where her father and his friends live in exile. Observations on life and love follow (including love, aging, the natural world, and death) friends are made, and families are reunited. By the plays end Ganymede, once again Rosalind, marries her Orlando. Two other sets of lovers are also wed, one of them Celia and Orlandos mean older brother Oliver . As Oliver becomes a gentler, kinder young man so the Duke conveniently changes his ways and turns to religion and so that the exiled Duke, father of Rosalind, can rule once again. All the world s a stage, and all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts As You Like It (Act II, Scene VII). Can one desire too much of a good thing? . As You Like It (Act IV, Scene I). True is it that we have seen better days. As You Like It Act II, Scene VII). For ever and a day. As You Like It (Act IV, Scene I). The fool doth think he is wise, but the wise man knows himself to be a fool. (Act V, Scene I). The play is fictitious, but shakespeare is said to have taken the traits if rosalind from Rosalynde by thomas lodge. One of Shakespeares early plays, As You Like It (1598-1599), is a stock romantic comedy that was familiar to Elizabethan audiences as an exemplar of Christian comedy. Although the play does include two offstage spiritual conversions, the Christian designation does not refer to religion itself. Instead, it denotes the restoration and regeneration of society through the affirmation of certain Christian values such as brotherly love, marital union, tolerance for different viewpoints, and optimism about life at large. The plot is very simple: the resolution of the dramatic problem in the warped attitudes of two evil brothers toward good brothers, and related obstacles to marriage for several couples in the play (most notably Rosalind and Orlando) are easily overcome, and a happy ending is never in doubt. On one level, the play was clearly intended by Shakespeare as a simple, diverting amusement; several scenes in As You Like It are essentially skits made up of songs and joking banter. But on a somewhat deeper level, the play provides opportunities for its main characters to discuss a host of subjects (love, aging, the natural world, and death) from their particular points of view. At its center, As You Like It presents us with the respective worldviews of Jaques, a chronically melancholy pessimist preoccupied with the negative aspects of life, and Rosalind, the plays Christian heroine, who recognizes lifes difficulties but holds fast to a positive attitude that is kind, playful, and, above all, wise. In the end, the enjoyment that we receive from the plays comedy is reinforced and validated by a humanistic Christian philosophy gently woven into the text by a benevolent Shakespeare.

Obesity in America :: Overweight Obese essays

Obesity today is a widely spread nutritional disorder that can affect anybody at any age across North America, majority of the reason being because there are so many fast food restaurants at just about every corner. With its low prices people are not going to be making the right decisions in what type of food they consume in their diet. Some examples of the junk food would be: Microwave dinners, snack foods like potato chips, which have high calories. It is not necessarily junk foods that make people obese and fat. Too many carbohydrates and foods with lots of starch in an individual’s diet can also cause them to gain undesired weight. It is not always someone’s dietary decision that makes him or her obese. Genetics play a monumental factor in a person’s weight. For example, if a child is born with two obese parents there is an 80 percent of a chance that the child can be born or become obese later in his or her life. Pregnancy can make the mother gain about 20 p ounds after giving birth. Another said cause of weight gain is when the energy intake is more then the energy outtake in the body. That is not always the case. â€Å"According to recent reports, more than six in 10 adults are overweight or obese, and the number of overweight children is on the rise.† Is a quote taken from the McDonalds website. Some other problems for obesity can also be a result as problems such as:  · Laziness- Inactivity resulting from a dislike of physical activity.  · Psychological depression- Sad feelings of gloom and inadequacy, causing them to sometimes over eat even they are not hungry  · Genetically- As stated above. When it is passed down a family line, making it almost inevitable for children to born obese. If you were to ask someone how it feels to be obese, the given reply would probably be that they feel unattractive, and have low self-esteem, which can cause an indirect mental illness. This mental illness in some cases may lead to the person becoming so down and depressed that they may make an attempt and sometimes be successful in committing suicide. Being obese puts the person at risk of developing sicknesses and diseases like, heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes (type 2), and some forms of cancer (prostate, breast and bowel.) There is something similar but opposite to obesity.

The Behaviorist, Psychodynamic and Humanistic Contributions to Psycholo

This essay will in turn look at the behaviorist, Psychodynamic, and Humanistic approaches to Psychology. It will evaluate the assumptions and contributions for each approach. Behaviorists emphasize the relationship between the environment surrounding a person and how it affects a person’s behavior. They are primarily concerned with observable behavior, as opposed to internal events like thinking and emotion. This is a criticism of the behaviorist approach; it is seen as mechanistic and oversimplified, because it ignores mental processes or reinterprets them as just types of behavior. John Watson saw emotions as the secretion of glands and thinking as the movement of our vocal chords without actual speech. However studies have been carried out and it has been found that people can still think even when their vocal chords are paralyzed. Behaviorists make the assumption that in humans; virtually all behaviors are caused by learned relationships between a stimulus that excites the sense organs and a response which is the reaction to the stimulus. John Watson was strongly influenced by the work of Pavlov on classical conditioning. Pavlov trained dogs to salivate whenever he rang a bell. An unconditioned Stimulus (the bell) leads to an unconditioned Response (salivation). When the unconditioned stimulus is paired with another Stimulus (food), this stimulus will eventually produce the response on its own and is then called the conditioned stimulus which produces a Conditioned response. Behaviorists propose that phobias come about in a similar way, for example, somebody who is spider-phobic, might have learned to be scar... ... This essay has evaluated the assumptions and contributions of the behaviourist, psychodynamic and humanistic approaches to psychology. The behaviourist approach focuses on the behaviour of people and seeks to explain behaviour as being learnt. The psychodynamic and humanist approaches are more concerned with the emotional aspects of people’s lives rather than their behaviour. The psychodynamic approach places importance on childhood experience. The humanist approach places more emphasis on the importance of our self image. Bibliography Basic Psychology by Henry Gleitman (First Edition) Psychology, third edition by Cardwell, Clark and Meldrum Psychology – A New Introduction by Richard Gross, Rob McIlveen, Hugh Coolicun, Alan Clamp and Julia Russell (Twelfth Edition) Class lectures and handouts

The art of dirty deeds

English Coursework Robert Hoarsely Another cupboard smashed onto the heavy oak table as the maelstrom of debris continued to swirl, fuelled by the vicious wind from the broken windows. There was a resounding crack as a chair was hurled at the table. â€Å"You left me to rot, you are no son of mine,† wailed the lady of the house. He couldn't see her, she was invisible, but he knew all too well she was there as he cowered under the table. The rain continued to pound down, its staccato beat all too loud through the broken windows.Lightning flashed as he made a break for the door that was banging against the wall in the mind. An Inhuman shriek came from behind him. He raced through the door as the table he had been taking refuge hurtled after him into the doorway in a shower of plaster and splinters. The main hallway he was now in was dominated by a huge glittering chandelier. He paused for a moment to catch his breath as he heard his mother howling in rage. With a groan the chand elier above him ripped away from the ceiling.It fell onto him with a crash, landing In an explosion of glittering glass like a frenzied rave of fireflies. He had barely enough time to think as It knocked him cold. As he flitted in and out of consciousness he remembered how he came to be in that current predicament. Don't go daddy,† said his daughter. â€Å"We want you to be here for Christmas daddy,† whined his son. â€Å"Of course I'll be back for Christmas; I'm Just off for a week to get granny's old stuff from her house in the Yorkshire Dales. It'll only be a week you know that and Ill tell you what, Ill bring extra Christmas presents. â€Å"Do be careful Mr. Jerome,† said the nursemaid as she ushered the children onto the pavement. â€Å"l will,† Mr. Jerome said as the children chorused goodbyes , he climbed into the carriage and with a flick of the driver's reins the arraign picked up speed down the misty London street. He vaguely remembered the trai n Journey as the inky blackness swept past, punctuated by lights of villages. He Intended to collect family heirlooms and other valuables to distribute to his family back In London. The dark looming mass of the house had dwarfed him as he had stepped off the carriage.Its Imposing bulk seemed to swallow all living things through its gloomy shaded windows and solid looking front door. It was big enough to take a week to go through all the rooms to get what he needed, then sort them. Lang resounded throughout his head as the huge chandelier was savagely picked up and hurled Into the solid wooden front doors. Then there was a deafening silence In the house. The rain continued to beat down outside and the wind ripped at the garden but the house was silent once more.Rubbing his head, he climbed the grand staircase, still wary of the ghost of his mother. He made his way to the study where there were three traveling trunks, two of which were full of the valuables and the other was to be fil led with Important documents. There was the distinctive tang of smoke but his thoughts were on other things. The door handle felt unusually warm as he opened leaping flames that had already consumed his traveling trunks and was taking hold of the rest of the room in a fiery, swirling inferno.Coughing from the swirling smoke he stumbled into the hallway. It was spreading rapidly, too fast to be any normal fire. His mother, he thought, she was burning down the house, the house he had been brought up in, the house she had lived in for over 60 years. As he watched, smoke streamed out of other rooms in tendrils and the smell of smoke was overpowering. He was trapped; he was going to be burned alive, scorched and screaming in this twisted, sick house.

Characteristics of Deafness and Hard of Hearing

Characteristics of Deafness and Hard of Hearing Often, teachers seek extra support and help in recognizing  the characteristics of deafness in their students in order to better address the specific needs of the child. This usually happens due to certain cues that the teacher is able to pick up about the students language development in class or after a known hearing impaired child continues to struggle in their classroom. A student or child with deafness or hard-of-hearing disabilities has deficits in language and speech development due to a diminished or lack of auditory response to sound. Students will demonstrate varying degrees of hearing loss which often results in difficulty acquiring spoken language. When you have a child with hearing loss/deafness in your classroom, you need to be careful not to assume that this student has other developmental or intellectual, delays. Typically, many of these students have average or better than average intelligence. How to Recognize the Signs of Deafness Some of the common characteristics of deafness commonly found in classrooms include the following: Difficulty following verbal directionsDifficulty with oral expressionSome difficulties with social/emotional or interpersonal skillsWill often have a degree of language delayOften follows and rarely leadsWill usually exhibit some form of articulation difficultyCan become easily frustrated if their needs are not met -   which may lead to some behavioral difficultiesSometimes the use of hearing aids leads to embarrassment and fear of rejection from peers What Can You Do to Help Students With Hearing Loss? Language will be the priority area for students who are deaf or hard of hearing. It is the basic requirement for success in all subject areas and will influence the student’s comprehension in your classroom. Language development and its impact on the learning of students who are deaf or hard of hearing can be complex and difficult to attain. You may find that students will need interpreters, note-takers, or educational assistants to facilitate communication. This process will usually require external personnel involvement. However, some of the basic steps that you as a teacher can take to address the needs of a hearing impaired student include: Many students with hearing disabilities will have some form of specialized equipment recommended by an audiologist.  Help  the child to feel comfortable with their hearing device and promote understanding and acceptance with other children in the class.  Remember that devices do not return the childs hearing to normal.Noisy environments will cause grief to the child with a hearing device and noise around the child should be kept to a minimum.Check the device often to ensure it is working.When using videos,  make sure you use the closed captioning feature.Shut classroom doors/windows to help eliminate noise.Cushion chair bottoms.Use visual approaches whenever possible.Establish predictable routines for this child.Provide older students with visual outlines/graphic organizers and clarification.Use a home/school communication book.Enunciate words clearly using lip movement to assist the child to lip read.Keep close proximity to the student.Provide small group work when possible. Make assessment accommodations to enable a clear picture of demonstrated academic growth. Provide visual materials and demos whenever possible.

Definition of Barnburners and Hunkers

Definition of Barnburners and Hunkers The Barnburners and Hunkers were two factions that battled for dominance of the Democratic Party in New York State in the 1840s. The two groups might have been obscure footnotes to history  remembered mostly for their colorful nicknames, but dissension between the two groups played a major role in the presidential election of 1848. The issue underlying all the fracturing of the party was rooted, as were many political disputes of the day, in the growing national debate over slavery. In the early 1800s the issue of slavery was mainly kept submerged in the national political debate. For one eight-year stretch, southern legislators had even managed to suppress any talk of slavery in the U.S. House of Representatives by invoking the infamous gag rule. But as territory acquired as a result of the Mexican War came into the Union, heated debates over which states and territories might allow slavery became a major issue. The disputes playing out in the halls of Congress also traveled into states where slavery had been outlawed for decades, including New York. Background of the Barnburners The Barnburners were New York State Democrats who were opposed to slavery. They were considered the more progressive and radical wing of the party in the 1840s. The group had splintered off from the Democratic Party following the election of 1844, when its preferred candidate, Martin Van Buren, lost the nomination. The Democrats candidate in 1844 who offended the Barnburner faction was James K. Polk,  a dark horse candidate from Tennessee who owned slaves and advocated for territorial expansion. The Barnburners were anti-slavery and viewed territorial expansion as an opportunity for pro-slavery politicians to add more slave states to the Union. The nickname Barnburners was derived from an old story. According to a dictionary of slang terms published in 1859, the nickname came from a story about an old farmer who had a barn infested with rats. He was determined to burn down the entire barn to get rid of the rats. The implication was that the political Barnburners were obsessed with one issue (in this case slavery) to such an extent that theyd burn down a political party to get their way. The name apparently originated as an insult, but members of the faction seemed to take pride in it. Background of the Hunkers The Hunkers were the more traditional wing of the Democratic Party, which, in New York State, dated back to the political machine set up by Martin Van Buren in the 1820s. The nickname Hunkers, according to Bartletts Dictionary of Americanisms, indicated those who cling to the homestead, or old principles. According to some accounts, the word hunker was a combination of hunger and hanker, and indicated that the Hunkers were always set on attaining political office no matter the cost. That also aligns to some extent with the common belief that the Hunkers were the traditional Democrats who had supported the Spoils System of Andrew Jackson. Barnburners and Hunkers in the Election of 1848 The division over slavery in America had been largely settled by the Missouri Compromise in 1820. But when the United States acquired new territory following the Mexican War, the issue of whether new territories and states would allow slavery brought the controversy back to the forefront. At the time, abolitionists were still on the fringe of society. It wouldnt be until the early 1850s, when opposition to the Fugitive Slave Act and the publication of Uncle Toms Cabin made the abolitionist movement more acceptable. Yet some political figures were already firmly opposed to the spread of slavery, and were actively seeking to keep a balance between free and slave states. In New York States powerful Democratic Party, there was a division between those who wanted to stop the spread of slavery and those who were less concerned, regarding it as a distant issue. The anti-slavery faction, the Barnburners, broke from the party regulars, the Hunkers, before the election of 1848. And the Barnburners proposed their candidate, Martin Van Buren, a former president, run on the Free Soil Party ticket. In the election, the Democrats nominated Lewis Cass, a politically powerful figure from Michigan. He ran against the Whig candidate, Zachary Taylor, a hero of the recently concluded Mexican War. Van Buren, supported by the Barnburners, did not have much chance of regaining the presidency. But he took away enough votes from the Hunker candidate, Cass, to swing the election to the Whig, Taylor.