Introduction to Combustion and Fire Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Introduction to Combustion and Fire - Case Study mannikinFor example, when chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are exposed to high energy sun rays, chlorine and bromine atoms are released. These chlorine/bromine atoms act as catalysts in the breaking up of ozone molecules. Free radicals are atoms or molecules possessing one or more unpaired electrons. Free radicals are formed as intermediaries of receptions. One of the most common emancipate radicals is the hydroxyl free radical (HO).Ions, free atoms, and free radicals are reaction intermediaries. While ions are aerated species, free radicals are groups containing unpaired electrons, and free atoms are single atoms without charge. Ions can exist in a stable equilibrium, but free atoms and free radicals are highly unstable and react with other atoms or molecules soon after formation.During bond formation, an electron from 2s orbital is moved to 2pz orbital. This process requires a small substance of energy as the energy gap between 2s and 2p orbitals are less. So the new electronic twist is 1s22s12px12py12pz1Pentane has a molar mass of 72.15 gmol-1. For 1 mole of pentane, mass is 72.15 g. As calculates earlier, at temperature 298.15K and pressure 1.013cv Pa, the volume of 1 mol of pentane is 2.44710-2 m3.A reaction where the products are in the most stable conjure up is known as a complete chemical reaction. In the fire, a complete chemical reaction with no fuel and oxygen left is known as a stoichiometric reaction. The reaction mixtures in such a state are stoichiometric mixtures. The stoichiometric oxygen to fuel mass balance r is determined from the equation. The equivalence ratio () which describes the state of the reactant mixture, is defined as (Quintere, 2006)Concentration is a stride of the packaging of particles per unit volume and its unit is moles per dm3 or moldm-3. A mole is a unit to billhook the amount of substance. One mole of a substance contains 6.0231023 atoms, molecules, or ions.

Ethical Line in Journalism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethical Line in Journalism - grant ExampleHubert could have instinctively gone to a journalistic mode lives, taking pictures of the wreck.By the circumstance that the story convolute elements of good ethics in journalism, it was an appropriate piece for editors. Although the exposurejournalist failed to capture the main occurrence at the scene, he chooses to try and help the stranger. It was a heroic deed by the people involved which was worth broadcasting.The journalist involvement, in this case, helped shift the media focus from the accident itself to the moral and ethical aspects of journalism. The choice not to shoot photographs immediately tell of a journalist who is more concerned with the welfare of the needy as opposed to him doing his core duties.Redbook crossed an ethical line in journalism the time they selected to put Aniston on the front page using a manipulated stock photo. They did not obtain permission from her. The magazine chose to rehearse an edited photo cros sing an ethical line once again. They deceived readers who believe the picture was real when in reality it was not. In contrast, Hubert chose not be intrusive and revealing but to be helpful to a perishing woman.Herberts thinking is in line with Garrys steps. He chooses not to make the moment of the suffering women public, and alternatively, he unflinching to help. For him photographing the women could have sent them into more trauma. He remained as least obtrusive as possible, taking pictures exclusively after the saving the women. Additionally, he chose to act with compassion, and he was sensitive to their need for help.The craft in the photo is good. It is telling the story of pain, a woman in agony. People are helping her. Someone is pass some water, and a hand is holding her by the shoulder. It shows that the agony is over for the woman, and people are onerous to calm and comfort her.

Critically examine the media regulation in Russia Assignment

Critically examine the media regulation in Russia - subsidisation ExampleRussian print media was faced with extreme volatility during the first fifteen years of Russian independence. Owners of the print media were forced to withdraw from their ownership to the administration. They faced huge aggression by the Russian authorities and other political bodies for unknown reason. According to estimation by National Association of TV and Broadcasters, in that location is an estimated amount of 2168 TV in Russia along with other radio companies (Compulenta, 2009). On the other hand, 161 have got a TV and radio license with 799 TV companies and approximately there are 888 radio stations. Similarly, the number of phone line operators running in the country is estimated to be 1,511 nationwide (Compulenta, 2009). Media Regulations Russian media is controlled through strict regulations and control. Russian media does not enjoy a free state in running its operations. Russian media is run c hthonic trio major fair plays the law enforced on mass media during 1991, the law imposed on communication during 2003 and the law on Information Technologies with respect to Protection of Information and Information in 2006. The Law on potty Media is the only law which has been updated and changed constantly. It was last updated in 2009 (Compulenta, 2009). There are some other federal laws as well which are imposed on other media activities. These laws have defined that how would media project the state government and the political parties nationwide. Russian media is a controlled media with limited freedom given to them. However, at the same time, Russian media is taboo to project anything that depicts terrorism, violence or nudity in any case. Media is given restricted limits to cover any anti-terrorist operations, if occur. Accountability Systems During the year 1994, the Congress of Russian Journalist outlined and approved a specific command of Ethics. The enrol of Ethic s defined the same laws and implications which were adopted by the press media all around the world. It was been argued that the Code of Ethics are least practiced or respected by the Journalists. It is just the formality that they have fulfilled by outlining a law. Also, these laws state the moral responsibilities and duties of a journalist in a precise comprehensive manner. It has also been seen that state-owned or privately-owned media and print outlets are somehow influenced and, they are obligated to answer for their projections all to any federal body or to any local authority. Russian Media An Analysis Russian media is under continuous change. Different regulations on Information have been imposed. More recently, the current government of Putin has reinforced impertinent impositions on Information and Communication by equally tightening the Internet and other news agencies (Source http//www.rferl.org/ theme/article/1075556.html). It has been observed that internet is the o nly media which is free of any regulation and to some extent we so-and-so call it a free-media. The freedom of speech and expression has gained popularity in the Russian masses. Despite the concerns raised by the Putin and his government, authorities have implicated no restrictions against this form of media. However, Putin has raised concerns that authorities should keep a fixedness check on the information being displayed on the internet. We cannot undermine the control as maintained by the government on the digital and print media. It is believed by the authorities that if country

STRATEGY and OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

STRATEGY and OPERATIONS focus - Essay ExampleEach brand provides a unique blend of performance, reliability, and aesthetics to its customers. Some of its brands, such(prenominal) as the Vostro, Latitude, Precision, and N series are high end performance systems that are targeted towards small, medium, and large backupes. otherwise brands such as Inspiron, Studio, XPS, Alienware and Adamo cater to home users with different set of requirements. Apart from computers, Dell also manufactures electronic devices such as LCD monitors, keyboards, mice, USB drives, and so on, in support of its computer range.Dell has adopted a combination of Cost Leadership and Differentiation as its generic strategy. The world is becoming an increasingly engineering science dependent place. Companies throughout the world spend a great portion of their budgets towards Research and Development to twist the customers great value, at the lowest possible price. Dell has been pursuing the same physical object as well. With its extremely integrated net naturalise of suppliers and customers, Dell has been able to sell directly to customers, reducing cost through eliminating wholesalers and retailers from its business model. This had enabled Dell to provide customers with products at the lowest possible prices.However, cost cutting is not the only objective in Dells strategy mix. The company constantly strives to provide its customers with high quality, reliability, convenience of purchase, and not bad(p) after sales service (Treacy & Wiersema, 1993). All these factors, add some value to the customers and, when put together, enables Dell to part its offerings from its long list of competitors. Through its streamlined processes, Dell manages to not only cut costs and press down on less from the customers, but also provides them with differentiated, customized computer systems that only few competitors, today, have managed to deliver.All activities of Dell work in collaboration to facilit ate its generic strategy. Through technological solutions, Dell

Reflective log on communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

contemplative log on communication - Essay ExampleIn his writing The Reflective Practitioner, How Professionals Think In Action, Basic Books, Schon highlight the significance of building a thoughtful dialog in all the environments. As cited by a number of authors, pensive practices are actually important tool in todays world especially in communication and interaction. Managers, leadership and team members encounter a number of challenges while dealing with their customers, clients, staff, and competitors. Besides, the environments of operation usually pose some other great threat to the success of managers. For instance managers in the insurance industry embattles with reflective challenges in discussion the claims of their clients. Internal staff control is another big shoe for managers as they try to bring unneurotic unity and profitability within the working environment. For a corporation to remain profitable and competitive, sales intensity is a critical tool. However, a chieving the smart sets sales target entails conducting and evaluating the potential customer bum, satisfaction and customizing exclusive needs of the potential clients. Reflective practice is therefore an essential tool in achieving the above mentioned goals. Reflective log practice helps in analyzing clients needs and demands. ... A number of models have been proposed to explain the concepts of reflective practices. Schon (1974, p.56) branched Loop culture) identified single cringle and double loop as the most common forms of reflective learning. The theory was founded on amendments and recognition of perceived errors or faults. In the single loop reflective learning, in a more error prone period, companies only embarks on depends on their current strategies to tackle the company crisis and challenges. Double loop learning covers for personalized objectives, goals and strategies which are very comprehensive. It entails problem solving techniques, outsourcing the cause of the problem, travel prevention mechanism, and making recommendations on possible future strategies for the company prospect. Adaptation of the single and double loop learning model by Argyris and Schon Schon introduced the concept of Reflection-in-action and Reflection-on-action in later time. Reflection-in-action can be explain as the ability of a practitioner to think on their feet, when there are the problem, thinking ahead, making analyzing, base on my experiencing to getting the point of view in it, after all process to making critically responding. Reflection-on-action on the other hand is the idea that after the experience a practitioner analyses their reaction to the stake and explores the reasons around, and the consequences of, their actions. This is usually conducted though a documented reflection of the situation. Adaptation of the reflective model by Schon Learning log table (Case Study) Communication Breakdown in an Organization Title Sep 2012 conflict with claims inci sion Meeting with my subordinate -The client apply a medical claims when who is out of

Health disparities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Health disparities - Essay standardbservations that I made an as FNP student is that health center patients are more ethnically and racially diverse compared to national patients (Kronenfeld, 2013). In addition, health center patients are highly likely to be in public insured or uninsured.Disparities in primary care setting are based on appropriateness, opening and use of care. These disparities are caused by factors such as sex, income, health condition, race or ethnicity and geography. Patients with care subtle conditions in low-income groups from rural areas are highly likely to indicate that their visit to the emergency department was because of a medical condition that was treatable by a primary care provider. Women with care sensitive conditions adopt a low probability of receiving information regarding medication side effects. In addition, they did not collar the four recommended tests unavoidable for chronic condition monitoring. They were overly denied the right tool s required for the self- vigilance of their condition. People in low-income groups also did not receive support from their primary care provider. These people reported that their provider did not involve them during clinical decision-making (Kronenfeld, 2009). They were also not involved in the creation of a treatment plan that would help in the management of their medical conditions.I am preparing myself to address these disparities by conducting studies on disparities in primary care setting. In addition to the studies, I have interviewed healthcare professionals with an aim of gaining insights into the causes of the disparities and likelihood of avoiding them (Buttaro, 2013). I have performed a lit review of relevant literature on disparities in primary care setting. Most importantly, I have identified the most vulnerable demography and scheduled a survey with them in order to wrap up their views on the disparities experienced.If awarded the scholarship, I will use the funds to finance my studies on how the

Child Abuse Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

claw revilement - Term Paper ExampleIn addition, the warning signs of kidskin abuse and neglect would be assessed. A transcript of a child previously abused was examined and briefly presented. Finally, ways of preventing child abuse would be identified to address this dangerous dilemma.Child abuse is defined by the National Society for the barroom of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC 2009) as the term used when an adult psychic traumas a child or a tender person under the age of 18 (par. 1). Medline Plus (2010) includes the phrase failing to do something that results in harm to a child or puts a child at risk of harm (par. 1) in the definition. Child abuse endangers the welfare of children as adults who are expected to give them their much needed protection any deliberately inflicts harm or neglects taking them under their holistic care.Conflicts arise when the interests and rights of people, particularly of children, do non coincide. More importantly, the study of issues on child a buse aims to ensure that their welfare is properly safeguarded against adults who apply agent as a way to impose their actions and selfish interest on them.There are some(prenominal) forms of child abuse, to wit physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse and neglect. Physical abuse entails injuring the child or inflicting physical harm through punishment. Adults may or may not deliberately harm the child but the force of their actions hurt them physically. Most common of the physical abuse uses the belt to punish a childs wrong doing.Emotional abuse, on the other hand, is not immediately discerned by leaves mental damage affecting both the childs mental development and health status. Emotional abuses could expunge any of the following forms (1) constant belittling, shaming, and humiliating a child (2) calling names and making contradict comparisons to others (3) telling a child he or she is no good, worthless,

Extended Service Encounter Reflective Journal Essay

Extended Service regain Reflective Journal - Essay ExampleThe term go encounter refers to the contact situation among service node and service firm when the service is being created (Se? Ler, 2009, p. 4), and as such is one of the nearly central and controversial concepts in the service marketing literature (Grillmair, 2008, p. 4). The service encounter is important because customer perception is created by their most vivid impression of the service that takes place during the service encounter. There atomic number 18 three types of service encounters episodic, consisting of a single occurrence producing a single revenue stream for the business, and a defined service duration extended, which consists of an episodic service encounter but allowing for triune service types and continuous, which consists of multiple occurrences with multiple revenue streams, with an undefined service duration, multiple episodic or extended service encounters, and a relational exchange focus (Hume & McColl-Kennedy, 1998). In this discussion, the aim is to create a diary of service encounters in the course of an extended service encounter. ... ement product requiring intimate participation of the customer in the process) (2) the pleasantness or unpleasantness which the customer felt for the duration of the service encounter and (3) the lasting impression derived by the customer from the encounter. season it is true that all of us react to service encounters, not all of us react in the same way because of differences in cultural backgrounds, psychological make-up, and personal circumstances that make each of us unique (Grillmair, 2008). Therefore for the purpose of this study, there will be no better subject than this writer, to thread the feelings and impressions garnered during the exercise. I shall provide a service encounter journal of an experience I myself had undertaken, describing actions, thoughts and feelings that shaped the service encounter. Thereafter, the journa l entries shall be analysed on a per-event basis, to break down the service encounter experience and after integrate them into a holistic account of what it takes for a customer to be satisfied. 2. The Service Provider years Hotel is a popular chain of hotels that has established a global presence. Noted for its affordable luxury and ambience of carefully cultured elegance, the hotel is pleasantly appointed, unpretentiously four-star, and makes one feel at home with a downhearted kind of comfort. This local subsidiary is a take-off from its parent company, Days Inn of America, but it has evolved into an establishment that embodies both(prenominal) the warm hospitality of the locality and the service quality for which the brand is known. The company slogan is We make your day. This is manifestly a witty use of the word day which comprises the hotels brand, while at the same clock conveying in a simple and straightforward manner

Project Management- Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Project Management- - Essay ExampleFrom the turn of the millenary to 2002, the exertion grew over 200% and generated revenues about $289 million in 2002 alone. In 2004, the revenue generated by this industry totaled up to around $947 million. Furthermore, optimism continued to run high as a research sort predicated that the growth of ICT-based services would grow to $200 billion by the end of the decade, with call centres enjoying a fresh share of $42 billion of the revenue (White, 2014). Reports claim that the United States alone claims over 1.5 million seating and another 1 million waiting to be outsourced and the United Kingdom only has around 500,000 seats only waiting to be outsourced. Keeping in line with this, this paper will discuss the influence of creating a new control and call centre that will house the police, ambulance and fire rescue fate services, which will receive and deal with all 999 emergency and non-emergency calls that will be used by two England and Wal es citizens. In detail, it will (1) identify key explanatory aspects/issues/arguments relating to this project (2) assess the benefits/strengths and problems/weaknesses/shortcomings/pitfalls, applicable, in terms of implementing the sail (3) assess the extent to which formal programme and project management would provide cost and/or readiness savings and (4) provide a set of good practice/guidance recommendations that can be testify and/or supported from the finding of your review.A call centre refers to a centrally-based customer service accomplishment where its agents deal with telephone calls on behalf of a customer/caller (DCruz & Noronha, 2006). Customers vary from emergency callers, non-emergency callers, mail-order catalog houses, computing device product help desks, telemarketing companies, banks, insurance groups and financial services, transportation and freight handling firms, IT companies and hotels, among others. The

Mexico economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Mexico economy - Essay congressman59).The key issues to be watched out for the next year by the Mexican economists are all factors that suppress the res publicas frugal growth, as well as its competitiveness in the foreign markets. For example, the countrys economic systems should watch all the constraints of employment, demand, multinational controls constraints as well as monitoring the emerging market economies. In addition, income distribution and consumption patterns of the Mexican economy should be closely be watched to turn back the countys economic position and trends in the upcoming years (Moreno-Brid & Jaime Ros, P. 68).The Mexican economy would unfold with geomorphological reforms that would see the countrys economy pave new ways for investments. However, with the current trends, the Mexican economic accounts is expected to cite a weaker global expansion and further risk reduced competitiveness in a more volatile international markets for Mexican accounts to cope w ith the emerging market economies (Moreno-Brid & Jaime Ros, P. 52).The United States indemnity makers in relation to the Mexican unprecedented macroeconomic stability outcome would not want a deteriorating economic performance of the Mexican economic as it would directly affect its economy as the twain countrys shares common economy patterns. Therefore, the United States policymakers would respond by steering up the Mexican economy accounts performance (Moreno-Brid & Jaime Ros, P. 84).The most important teaching needed in planning for a break away future economic development is worth understanding the key players political and economic information. Political information for the key players specifically the system of government, recent development, foreign policy and bilateral relations information are needed creating the key players competitiveness and future development

Character appraisal of green college conservation area and management Essay

Character estimate of green college conservation area and management plan - Essay ExampleConservation area is the political relations solution to save the English heritage sites that are at most risk of organism lost in perpetuity (Heritage at Risk 2012).Development brings stir. In the case of designated conservation areas, change is still inevitable. This important designation promotes change using manageable strategies that enhance the area and ensures that the new schoolings do not harm its present character recognised for the areas special buildings and historic interest. This is utilize by giving additional controls over the demolition of buildings, minor developments and the loss of trees (A guide to living in a conservation area 2012 Effects of Conservation Area Designation 2012). Understanding the significance of historic buildings, streets and spaces is of utmost importance thus, assessment and recognition of historic areas are vital to the planning process. Including p roperty in a conservation area benefits its character and tends to sustain property values due to the extra apology from insensitive development (Effects of Conservation Area Designation 2012).To provide an overview of planning policies and propose management guidelines that provide ensure the preservation and protection of the characters of College Green conservation area in the myriad forms of urban development occurring within Bristol.The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 is the Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom that sceptered the designation of Conservation Areas and allowed the planning permission that relates to Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas. These are the sections relevant to Conservation AreasSection 69 (1) Every Council(a) shall from time to time determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and (b) shall desi gnate those

The American Nursing Association Department of Policy and Nursing Essay

The American breast feeding Association Department of Policy and nurse - Essay ExampleThis functions as the organizations rule of thumb to its internal decisions on policy, in addition to affecting the world, by contributing valuable policies in the field of nursing.The American Nursing Association also has an impact on the comments that are presented to the federal government. This shows American Nursing Associations views on the effect of proposed federal policies, guidelines, or regulations on the patients and nurses. The government has cracked the work over on Medicare abuse and fraud. The government is to investigate any claim of fraud, and even a mistake that is true may lead to a person being charged. APRNs and nurses should be informed of the situation and take the call for action to desist from abuse and fraud. On the other hand, American Nursing Association advocates for immigrants to have note healthcare irritate, and insurance (American Nurses Association, 2001). This will help reduce the cost of healthcare provision.Health reforms widen access to treatment by giving coverage to those who lack and providing protection from abusers of insurance to those who have. The law provides tremendous surplus resources to enable coordination of quality, prevention, and primary care. The new plan will synchronize nurses deployment and effective development. The profession, education, and skills of nurses make them crucial contributors to the recognition of developing patient-centered models of health delivery that are successfully implemented. Health homes, health clinics managed by nurses, and Accountable caveat Organizations are the various methods of care that are coordinated. The key to the realization of innovative and new patient-centered model of health delivery is health reforms (American Nurses Association, 2010).

Law and State Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Law and State - Essay ExampleAs mention in the topic, it was historically possible to regard United Kingdom as a set of unitary creation controlled by the ministers. The United Kingdom is a unitary state where the central government activity controls around of the activities of the government substantially. This is what the historical government of the United Kingdom was considered to be in history. This however changed in the mod scope with devolution of the United Kingdom states, where there was a creation of new regulatory authorities and prep of public services. With respect to the devolution, justness play a greater role compared to politics in belongings the state to account, compared to the previous central government where politics had a major role2. Role of Law in Devolution Due to the devolution, the structure of public services in Wales, Scotland and blue Ireland is different in close to respect. The law plays a significant role in this devolution, every particul ar region has two its consume assembly and executive, and a Secretary of State and administrative department based in the central government, both taking the role of the ministries of the central government in the region3. Even though the laws have greater roles in the devolved government compared the great role of politics which was dominant in the historical central government, the laws that apply in Northern Ireland and Scotland are particularly different from those in Wales and England. The parliament of Scotland has very much more stoop in consequence compared to the Welsh parliament4. The Scottish government played the role of civil service for Scotland and has a social policy governing the state. The structure of administration of Northern Ireland is different significantly the health wag is responsible for personal social services with Northern Ireland Housing Executive managing the public housing5. In the modern context of the devolved government that was accomplished after a simple majority referenda in Scotland and Wales in 1997 September. Because of the acquire for law to keep the state in check, the National Assembly for Wales, the Scottish Parliament and the Assembly for the Northern Ireland were developed by the law6. England was left un-established. This was added to the legislatures newly established in Scotland and Wales that devolved much spending to the shires and councils of the United Kingdom. The law was enforced in the states via the taxes locally collected and the grants for services provided such as fire service, the police, and the ambulance service downstairs the authority of the elected local government7. Because of the major role played by the law in the devolved governments, the example has frequently changed from the historical context where politics had a major role in the central government. Among the most important changes that took place with devolution include the reformation of the Social Security Department of Wo rk and Pensions, the channelise to the Inland Revenue of the income maintenance, the demolition of the Transport Department, the local government and the regional states8. The responsibilities of the key social policy were placed in the Deputy prime Ministers office these have been relocated to the local anaesthetic Government and Communities majorly due to the role that the law plays over the politics in the devolved system9. Due to the role played by law in holding the state to account. The government departments dealing with the social policy were established in order to ensure the law presides over

A Policy Change in Solstice Sleep Products (SSP) Essay

A Policy Change in Solstice Sleep Products (SSP) - Essay ExampleFurther, the mend of the new policy on sundry(a) management functions will be evaluated before concluding with electric potential benefits of the policy. At SSP, the management levies greater importance to customer service but pays little attention to gentlemans gentleman resource management. This imbalance good deal be regarded as the cause for much dissatisfaction among fixers and constant conflicts between management and workers. Workers perform their duties as per their supervisors instructions, which usually vary on a daily basis. A few of them work overtime on a continuous basis these workers usually work overtime to earn approximately extra income as the worker incomes are not up to the mark considering the nature of their job and the cubic yard of business growth. Imbalanced work allocation, extended working hours, and low wages are also causation increased stress, frustration and low motivation among w orkers. In order to repair the situation and bring just about the harmonious working condition, it is important to interpolate the way management has been functioning. Numerous measures would be required for utile human resources management, which may be difficult to implement at once however, one signifi dissolvet change that could address many issues is the introduction of an effective capital punishment management strategy. A new policy that could be of great benefit for SSP is the introduction of a comprehensive performance management system can be of great significance for the business as well as the management and workers. Performance management system can be used to measure productivity on a daily, weekly, monthly and yearly basis. Moreover, individuals accepted and past performance can be used as the basis for their career progression, which will picture that the supervisors and team leaders are well versed with the work being performed. Moreover, good performers can be encouraged for taking up additional responsibilities like training, supervision, guidance etc, which will not only improve the workers motivation but also help in building trust in managements decision. The performance management system should include appraisal systems that need to be conducted half-yearly and annually for decision making pay hikes for the workers. Performance management system should also include rewards and recognition for the top performing workers and a feedback mechanism for the underperforming workers to improve. If promotions and career progression are linked with performance, it would be of great value to the business and to the workers. A comprehensive performance management will have a significant impact on various management functions in the long run, as well as has the capability to show its immediate impact. For instance, a number of workers required for a specific activity can be assessed by studying workers performance and productivity. Moreover, staff can be planned as per work volume or production requisite if we can assess each workers ability. Depending upon the time taken to perform each activity, targets and expectations can be set, thereby avoiding the need for extended working hours. Based on the skills and efficiency of workers, work can be organized into various different units, from simpler tasks to complex ones.

International Finance International Investing Project Research Paper

International Finance International Investing Project - Research Paper Example agree to the report the explanations will put up insight on what is driving the valuations of the U.S.-based MNCs and the foreign stocks over time. Select cardinal stocks of U.S.-based MNCs that you want to include in your portfolio. If you want to survey a list of possible stocks or do not know the ticker symbolism of the stocks you want to invest in, go to the website http//biz.yahoo.com/i/, which lists stocks alphabetically, or to http//biz.yahoo.com/p/, which lists stocks by sectors or industries. Make sure that your firms conduct a substantial amount of international business. Next, occupy two foreign stocks that are traded on U.S. stock exchanges and are not from the same foreign country. many foreign stocks are traded on U.S. stock exchanges as American depository receipts (ADRs), which are certificates that stage ownership of foreign stock. ADRs are denominated in dollars, but reflect the val ue of a foreign stock, so an affix in the value of the foreign currency can have a favorable encumbrance on the ADRs value. To review a list of ADRs in which you may invest, go to www.adr.com and click on ADR Universe. riddle on any industry listed to see a list of foreign companies within that industry that offer ADRs and the country where individually foreign company is based.From this paper it is clear that if you do not already go for a specific website for this purpose, go to http//finance.yahoo.com/?u and register for free. Follow the instructions, and in a few legal proceeding you can create your own portfolio tracking system. This system not only updates the values of your stocks, but also provides charts and recent news and other information on the stocks in your portfolio. Evaluation At the end of each month-October 31, November 30 and December 31 during the fall 2011 semester, you should evaluate the performance and behavior of your stocks. 1. a. Determine the perc entage increase or decrease in each of your stocks over the period of your investment and provide that percentage in a table like the one below. In addition, offer the primary reason for this change in the stock price based on news about that stock or your own intuition. To review the recent news about each of your stocks, click on http//finance.yahoo.com/?u and insert the ticker symbol for each firm. Recent news is provided at the bottom of the screen.

1880 Halloween Riot Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

1880 Halloween Riot - Essay ExampleThe military unit swelled with two or three thousand Colorado residents begun throwing bricks and breaking into Chinese owned establishments. The legal philosophy was not able to stop the mounting riot due to its sheer number and they were tremendously outnumbered until finally, Chinese homes and business were destroyed by the angry bundle despite the Mayors call for the mob to disperse.The riot culminated when they broke into Sing Lees laundry business where he was dragged down the pathway and was attempted to be hung on a lamp post. He eventually was beaten to death. Other Chinese nationals would keep back suffered the same fate but some residents were able to stop them. Police also kept the Chinese locked in their county jails to protect them from angry mob.When the mob was finally over, Chinese businesses and homes were destroyed and the people who were jailed for the cleanup position of Sing Lee were acquitted for lack of evidence. Despite this, Chinese nationals remain in Colorado and remodel their business and

Mental Health and Psychotropic Drugs Essay Example for Free

Mental Health and mind-expanding Drugs Essay

Some Moral Minima Essay Example for Free

near virtuous Minima EssayIn Some Moral Minima, Lenn Goodman argues that there argon certain things that be simply reproach. Do you think Goodman is correctly? Using specific examples, explore the challenges Goodman presents to relativism. Determine whether you think there are such(prenominal) universal moral requirements, and defend your answer in a well-argued three-page paper. Your paper must be formatted agree to APA (6th edition) style. You dont need any sources other than the Goodman paper and the text for our course.However, you must cite all your raiseences properly. If you would like to refer to APA samples and tutorials, visit the Ashford Writing Center, within the Learning Resources tab in the left navigation bar, in your online course. Some Moral Minna By Lenn Goodman The Morally Right In Some Moral Minima I believe Lenn Goodman is right when he says certain things are simply wrong. I agree with Goodman on the issues he discusses such as slavery, genocide, ter rorism, murder, rape, polygamy, and incest.I agree with Goodman on these issues because there is never a good time to kill for the involvement of killing, rape for the sake of sex, or take ones rights away for the sake of gaining respect or wealth. Goodman basically discusses that each person whether it be man, woman, or child has the rights to live and be free from any and all unkind treatment. Goodmans main understanding is not to be quick on judging things we dont understand, but to pretend those things that are not morally right.I believe that all people are equal and induce the right to live their own life as do the violators should have no rights to commit these unruly acts of wrong. Who are we to judge anyone or why should others have the right to murder, rape, or commit the rights of people away from them? The bible states, Do unto others as you would have others do unto you (Matthew, 712, Standard Version). I believe this is the best way to look at the situation on an y of the issues that Goodman discusses.We should never judge anyone due to their sexual orientation, physical/mental handicapness, or any other feature in which they have no control over, such as the poor and the wealthy. Goodman discusses slavery as a act of wrong in the article and I really agree with his views on this issue. In the past some of our forefathers judgement of slavery as a racially ethical right. Today in our society there are still some of the older generation that still look down upon the African American existence simply because of the color of their skin.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Essay Example for Free

cognitive conductal Therapy EssayIn the early 1960s in that respect was a suck towards cognitive doings Therapy as people turned a right smart out(a) of disap catchment in the psychodynamic surmise for psychotherapeutics. Also at this time fond rooking guess was the new and upcoming study. This is when cognitive system emerged with Alfred Adler. He was the first Cognitive therapist who came up with the idea that an individuals beliefs and ideas is what makes up their doings (Lantz, 1996). He believed that this sign of psychotherapy would leave alone the thickenings to make changes in the way they think to change their behavior and solve their problems. Alfred Adler was non the only contri exclusivelyor to Cognitive hypothesis. Between the late 1950s and early 1960s Albert Ellis came up with nonadaptive thinking or emotions that come from ir sensible beliefs.He sought out to change these unclear emotions with psychotherapy and by ch eachenging these beliefs. His books ar very well know and used a lot of by different therapist. He is raw materialally considered the grandfather of Cognitive Behavior Therapy and his ABC model is used widely. Albert came up with Rational-emotive therapy, which was later on changed to Rational-emotive behavior therapy because Ellis wanted his thickenings to act upon their new beliefs by putting them into practice (Wilde, 1996, p. 9). Others who ready contributed to Cognitive theory have been William Glasser, Arnold Lazarus, Don Tosi, Victor Ramy, Maxie Maultsby, Aron Beck and many more. William Glasser used effective psychotherapy to athletic supporter his clients find courage to change their life style and become more responsible of their goals.He did this by pointing out the worth of self and the basic human need to be loved. His reality therapy consisted of his clients steeringing on personal responsibility to understand their own reality (Lantz, 1996). Arnold Lazarus came up with the seven modes of the client that dish out quantify their functioning. These seven modes atomic number 18 sensation, imagery, cognition, behavior affect, interpersonal living and drugs (Lantz, 1996). These modes, according to Lazarus, would help come up with a treatment plan that would help the client in all atomic number 18as of their function lives. Don Tosi contributed to Cognitive theory by intergrading hypnosis with the therapy.Hypnosis is used to help the clients picture their thoughts in a healthy way through exploration and redirection (Lantz, 1996). Victor Ramy focused his wrench on helping clients change their self-concept. His books show how to help a client work with and change the cognitive misunderstanding of themselves. Maxie Maultsby used the ABC model as used by Albert Ellis but he alike contributed by using thinking(prenominal) behavior therapy with youngsters, for self-help groups, and group therapy. Aron Beck was a psychiatrist who used cognitive treatment to help his clients who had anxiety and personality disorders. He did extensive research on effective Cognitive therapy and how it helps clients with a range of individual problems from suicidal patients to those who have borderline personality disorders.many of those who contributed to Cognitive therapy were not well-disposed workers. The first social worker that used Cognitive therapy was Harold Werner. Werner struggled early on when he tried to bring Cognitive therapy to social work as those who had a psychoanalytical point of view attacked him. His efforts lay offed the theory to be accepted in the social work arena. Howard Goldstein also helped bring Cognitive therapy into the social work profession.Behavior theory is a mixture of different theories combined and it first came to the highest degree in the first quarter of this century. The work of Ivan Pavlov and his classical grooming theory, the work of B.F. Skinner and J.B. Watson and their operant condition theory and the work of Bandura on the social learning theory is all combined in the behavior theory. The classical conditioning theory states that a knowing stimulus fucking cause a conditioned response with the famous example of Pavlov and the salivating dog.This is a behavior that is learned and that can be used to help clients during therapy especially those who have anxiety disorders. The operant conditioning uses human behavior and examines it. Skinner believed that behavior was measured and that certain attitudes cause human to play off is certain ways. Once these behaviors are learned through the scientific method we can predetermine a clients actions and help them with either negative or controlling reinforcements. This lead either increase or decrease the clients behavior depending on if the behavior is punish or imperiously reinforced.In the late 60s is when behavior theory became a dearie with clinical social work. At this time the psychodynamic theories were under attack and a new theories we re sought out. neighborly learning theory focuses on using the ABC model that Albert Ellis used to help clients. This involves finding the antecedents, signal behaviors, and return in ones problematic behavior.Antecedents is what the client was doing before the situation occurred, tar make out behavior is the behavior that needs to be changed or focused on and the consequence is the result because of their target behavior (Thomlison Thomlison, 1996). These three are analyzed to figure out what needs to change in the behavior to get an alternate positive consequence or to see how the situation can be avoided. Principles and ConceptsThere are four basic concepts to Cognitive theory. The first uses Albert Elliss ABC model to deal with the emotions we regain and the way we think active our situations and ourselves. The ABC model helps us identify our thoughts and hence helps us control our emotions (Lantz, 1996). If what we are thinking during a situation is irrational then our emotions are going to be uncontrollable and irrational also. If we have rational thoughts then our emotions will be functional. If our knowledgeability behavior causes irrational emotions then we need to find rational emotions to replace the irrational belief (Wilde, 1996, p. 33).The second basic concept to Cognitive theory is that these irrational beliefs are in our unconscious and we are not aware of them. This may make it difficult to find out what the thoughts are and why we have impaired emotions. To help our clients notice their irrational beliefs we have to allow them to learn misconceptions about themselves so they are more aware of their thoughts. Irrational believes lead to illogical emotions, which causes the client to react in an unreasonable way, but there are exactions to these types of situation, which is basic concept three (Lantz, 1996). Sometimes the way we feel has nothing to do with our irrational beliefs. What we are feeling is really true or there could be a neurological or other health problem, which can make an individual feel down or angry or upset. A disparity in the brain chemistry can cause dysfunctional emotions.Lastly all irrational emotions are not always dysfunctional which intend a rational belief can be dysfunctional also. A client might get sort of high or excited from something dangerous such as a gun. Playing with a gun might give a client a feeling of excitement and happiness but it is not safe to play with guns. Feeling happy or excited is not considered a dysfunctional emotion but in this case we would have to acquire the client about the misconception in their chief that playing with guns is safe or fun. Cognitive theory allows a person to recognize their environment and their situation both physically and communally and it allows them to work through and change it (Lantz, 1996).A basic concept to Behavior theory is that all behavior is learned and that individual have problematic behaviors. According to Skinner o ur social problems can be measured through our behavior. By changing the environment and reinforcing the client with either positive reinforcement or negative reinforcement we can get them to change their behavior. The stimuli from the reinforcement will allow the client to either change or remove the behavior (Thomlison Thomlison, 1996). genial learning theory, which involves the ABC model, shows us how behavior can change for the better. Similarities and DifferencesThe biggest similarity between Cognitive theory and Behavior theory is the intertwining of the Social Learning Theory. They both use the ABC model and look at the antecedents, behaviors, and consequences of each situation. With Cognitive theory, the trigger behavior comes with an irrational belief that needs to be changed. Clients often times have irrational beliefs during their behavior. subsequently the consequence takes place the ABC model will help us show them their irrational beliefs and teach them that with a rational belief a different consequence could have taken place. With Behavior theory a similar pattern is used.The problem is identified and the target behavior is observed by the social worker other wise known as behavior analysis (Thomlison Thomlison, 1996). The social worker then works with the clients on changing both the antecedents and the consequences to attain a different behavior. Changing the antecedent is known as manipulating the environment condition (Streff, Geller, 1986). The antecedent is changed to increase a positive behavior in the situation. The consequence is used as reinforcement either positive or negative. The reinforcement allows for a change in behavior.The difference between the two theories is that one focuses on the beliefs and emotions that one has about themselves and the behavior that comes from these beliefs and the other focuses on problematic behavior and the reinforcements that change this type of behavior. Behavior therapy uses both positive and negative reinforcements and Cognitive therapy focuses on eliminating the negative behavior or emotion and replacing it with positive rational behavior.A belief home that serves as a measure from one to ten, is used to see how irrational the clients beliefs really are (Watson, Morris, Miller, 2001). With Behavior therapy reinforcements are used to encourage clients but with Cognitive therapy rational beliefs are used to encourage clients. The clients are questioned on their beliefs and often times humor is used to show the clients how irrational their beliefs can be (Wilde, 1996, p. 61).A limitation of behavior therapy is that reinforcement dont always work for everyone. A stimulus for reinforcing psyche depends on that persons perception of the stimulus (Wilde, 1996, p. 18). If an individual is having behavior problems and the negative reinforcement is to suffer later school, the individual might not think of it as negative reinforcement if they dont like going home. Their situ ation at home might be worse then staying after school for detention. Another issue is that behavior theory only deals with the exterior of the problem and does not check out the deep down root of the problem. Because behavior therapy doesnt focus on the internal process of the client, the reinforcements are only successful if they bring change in the clients life for the better.Although Cognitive theory may look at the root of the problem by focusing on automatic thoughts and centre beliefs, it also has limitations. It is argued that Cognitive theory only looks at the problem for that one situation that occurs. One attendant takes place where the client has inappropriate behavior with irrational beliefs (Atherton, 2007). Other aspects of the clients life may or may not come up while discovering their irrational beliefs.Another issue is that with Cognitive theory, treatment is not emphasized with family members, the environment, and other interventions (Lantz, 1996). Both theorie s are culturally sensitive and work with all different backgrounds. Because different races and civilisations have different social misconceptions, irrational beliefs may vary from refinement to culture but all cultures have irrational beliefs (Lantz, 1996).What is considered positive or negative reinforcements in one culture may not be considered so in another culture. These types of things vary but both types of therapy work with all different sorts of people. Both theories are compatible with the NASW code of ethics. Cognitive therapy and Behavior therapy both cherish the client and humanity. Cognitive therapists emphasize the use for rational thinking, which is not only for the client but also for society. The worth of the client is maintained and it is important to make sure that the client doesnt feel jeopardize or ashamed by these techniques and it is up to the social worker to maintain these techniques. Blending The Two Theories inquiry shows that when blending Cognitive therapy with Behavior therapy there are no proven results that the outcome is better for the client right away. The research does show however that there are more long term results when feature the two theories as apposed to just using one therapy or the other (Thomlison Thomlison, 1996). Behavior theorists such as Skinner argue that when combining Cognitive theory to Behavior theory, the focus on behavior gets deviate and so the therapy is not as effective.Research is not conclusive on this matter but it shows that capability to the therapy depends on the problem that the client is having. As time goes on most social workers use Cognitive Behavior Therapy and not just one or the other. By blending the two theories we can focus on the clients behavior, reinforce their positive behaviors and allow them to recognize their ideas and beliefs about their behavior to allow them to make rational choices and have rational emotions.

Security Objective Components Essay Example for Free

Security Objective Components stressThe component of the over any hostage objective that deserves the most attention in the environments mentioned in the article would be the personal certification. Churches do not usually mystify any type of security at all because they atomic number 18 suppose to be a genuinely beneficial place for a person to go. With churches having absolutely no type of security cameras or security personnel then they atomic number 18 left unspecific open for any type of attack, whether it be shootings, bombings, arson, vandalism, or even robbery. If churches were to install security camera to get word the outside grounds then they would be better protected because they could see if any kind of wickedness was passing game on, possibly be suitable to catch the people that committed those crimes, and maybe even go along some of those people from even trying to commit crimes because they see the cameras. I do not trust that security camera would prevent all crimes, but I think that it would help to detour the come up of crimes committed at churches and help to detect the innocent church goers safer while church is in service.I think that the component that would be less pertinent foe churches during a vulnerability assessment would be the information and paper workplace of the church. I feel that if someone is red ink to go on a shooting move or try to set fire to a church that they are not going to be concerned about the information and documents that are within that church. If a person is troubled enough to effect such a heinous act like this then files and documents are going to be the start thing on their mind. If something like this were to happen and the church had security cameras and security personnel, to watch those camera, that they would be able to get word for any kind of suspicious activity like this and try to avoid something like this from happening. This would likewise aid police in catching the pe rson that did this if it were to happen because they would be able to review the security cameras and see exactly what happened. I think that some countermeasures that could be taken, other than security cameras, would be to have a security guard on duty while the church is in service because this is a more likely time for something to happen.another(prenominal) thing that could be done is to have the people that work at the church keep an eye on anyone who maybe going through some very hard personal situations safe in case they start to present any suspicious or strange behavior. As sad as it is that anything like this could, would, or has happened in or at a church thither isnot a way to completely, one hundred percent, avoid it. There are security measures that churches can take to aid in keeping the church, its employees, and people that attend that church safe like what I have previously mentioned. Another thing that the church could do would be to meeting the local fire depa rtment, SWAT team, or bomb squad so that they know exactly what need to be done if a situation like that ever were to present its self. This way they can keep as many people safe as possible. If a situation or events like what happened at these churches has occurred at malls, I think that the exact same security objectives would be important.Personal security is going to be the most important thing. At a mall it is likely that there are going to be a lot more people and a significantly larger area to be watched so it would be pertinent to make sure that there is a considerable amount of security cameras to cover all of the necessary areas and enough security personnel to watch those cameras and patrol the mall to realize out for anything out of the ordinary. The same countermeasures that applied to the churches, I believe should be applicable for the shopping malls just on a larger scale. The most important thing is still going to be reservation sure that all of the innocent peop le and employees are kept as safe as possible.Another counter measure that a mall could take would be to have after hours security in addition to the day time security, this way they can still monitor for any odd or suspicious behavior because I believe that if someone was going to try something like setting out a bomb or starting a fire then they are going to look for the best possible place to do that and they might try to do that at night. There are many different security objectives that a place of business must take into consideration because there are dangerous people out there and no one can predict what and when something dark will happen.

Antibiotic Sensitivity Essay Example for Free

Antibiotic Sensitivity EssayMicrobial emersion is a public essential part of the healthy human, animal, and plant environment. When introduction to a microorganism causes disadvantageous bacterial growth, use antimicrobial therapy can buoy eradicate or reduce the unwanted pathogen. Antimicrobials are use to stop the growth of a pathogen by the use of a selectively toxic, determine inhibitor. Not all microbes are noisome so it is important to uncover the the vulnerable mechanism of growth in harmful microbes and produce a toxin that is lethal to its lifecycle and not toxic to the other microbial environment nor tissue. Some selective targets complicate bacterial wall composition, ribosomal synthesis, and DNA transcription. Antibiotics are used to either inhibit or kill harmful bacterial growth. Selecting which antibiotic to use is aided by identifying which harmful bacteria are gram-positive or gram-negative. When the target bacteria is not known, a broad spectrum antibi otic whitethorn be given as it can attack both gram-positive and gram negative bacteria. A narrow spectrum antibiotic is chosen when the bacterial pathogen has been identified by gram-stain testing or symptomatic expression.A narrow-spectrum antibiotic will be used to kill the circumstantial identified gram-negative or gram-positive bacteria. The advantage to using a broad spectrum antibiotic is that it may be given early on, before the lengthy lab examination service so that attempts to control of growth may begin promptly. If the broad spectrum is given to a gram specific organism however, the strength of antibiotic may be insufficient to kill or control harmful growth. Furthermore, exposing a microbial environment to unnecessary types or strengths of antibiotics can lead to tolerance or super-infections.A narrow spectrum antibiotic is an absolute advantage when the gram stain specificity is known as it will accordingly target only the offending bacteria. Alternatively, if a na rrow spectrum drug is used on an incorrectly identified microbe, then there will be no antibacterial coverage and the harmful bacteria may flourish. Unfortunately, the use of antibiotics in antimicrobial control has consequences. Microbes have been adapting to overcome harmful environments since the beginning of life. Exposure of microbes to antibiotics is soon enough another environment and as a result, antimicrobial resistance has surfaced.Some common resistant mechanisms include the production of inactivating enzymes that leave the antimicrobial ineffective. Interruption of cell membrane transport of antimicrobial agents is another victimisation of resistance. Mutations are a common mechanism of antimicrobial resistance. Penicillin can be rendered ineffective by an novelty mutation that disrupts the target protein. The Kirby-Bauer test is an agar diffusion test used to identify bacterial susceptibilities. When S. epidermidis is undecided to antibiotic disc materials of Novobi ocin, Penicillin and Gentamicin, the most resistance observed was by the Penicillin.

The Night of the Iguana Essay Example for Free

The shadow of the iguana EssayThe lines stated above are the famous words from a well k todayn composer Jonathan Coffin. He wrote these lines when he was at the age of 97 and was considered to the oldest living writer who was still into practice of writing. These lines more or less portray the idea of the scarper The night of the iguana. A large amount of The Night of the Iguana is summarized in these little crumbs of poetry. At the time when Peter Judd, who re prefaces Coffin in T. Schreiber Studios astonishing creation of this surprising and unexpected production eventually, explodes into the creative activity with it in the center of the expressively concerning chronicles that polish off part in and out around his personality, an uncommon display case of catharsis took origin for me. This creation, directed by Terry Schreiber, formulates a well-built agate line that Iguana may mayhap be the or so influential and dominant of all of Tennessee Williamss show business.It is unquestionably must-see theatre. Analysis The Night of the Iguana maintains and improves the subjects of the plays of Tennessee Williams. To be certain, it has origins in Tennessee Williams inventionwhich comprises poetry, small chronicles and in any case one work of fiction but at this point it is usual to come across for those roots in the type which has make him world-famous, in the stage show. Cat on a Hot Tin Roof is similarly constituent of the woods which environs The Night of the Iguana.Williams basic matter is unkindness in three variations The unkindness of piece beingnesss, the groups brutality to the person, the unkindness of natural world, in the animal unrefined procedures themselves, and the unkindness of God, as the individual liable for the entire cosmic-metaphysical structure of unkindness, lack of food, decomposition and bereavement. That his dramas to a somewhat high direct are filled of tense, broke and supersensitive individuals is a rational consequenc e of the reality that Tennessee Williams possesses gathering with truth, as seen in the course of his writings, has been one large fail.And as realism looks nowadaysa humanity mantle with a fatal gab of hatred and fear, and with the alimentation from Hiroshima and Nagasaki and Hitlers bereavement site as our times most significant looksit is barely at all overstatement to declare that this crash has excellent causes. The human being who hikes around nowadays with excellent nerves, vigorous and optimistic, experiences not only a blunted perceptive, but from what is insalubrious a rounded spirit.In his script, in his everlasting protection of those who believe in a disparate way, who have dissimilar habits of being, Tennessee Williams symbolizes an extremely high ethics, a far higher and further extended civilization, than do those who blame him of wickedness and need of confidence in sympathy. Tennessee Williamss The Night of the Iguana is the rattling last of the historied Amer ican dramatists most important creative, significant, and box office accomplishments. Initially presented on celestial latitude 28, 1961, on Broadway in the Royale Theatre, The Night of the Iguana made Williams the winner for his fourth New York Drama Critics Award. identical to other dramas by Williams, The Night of the Iguana spotlights on sexual interactions and unusual characters, as well as one crippled by his requirements, the Reverend Shannon. Without a doubt, in retrospect, a lot of opponents observe The Night of the Iguana as the association among stylistic times, near the beginning/center to late for Williams. They disagree that Williams discloses more of himself in this drama other than his earlier efforts. Certainly, not alike a lot of of Williamss plays The Night of the Iguana concludes on an optimistic, encouraged message.Nevertheless, a number of present-day reviewers of the unique Broadway production discover the play wanting(predicate) outline and lacking in origi nality of Williamss previous accomplishments. There has as well been a lasting argument over what the iguana, stated in the title, symbolizes. The iguana, which uses most of the script joined up on the border of the veranda, is seen as a sign for a number of objects, Containing freedom, what it signifies to be a human being, and Shannon. It can be utter that The Night of the Iguana does not go anyplace. In the sincere logic, it does not require to.It is by now there, at the touching, beleaguered heart of the human being condition (Anonymous, pp. 1). Analysis of the Characters Schreibers direction in no way demonstrates its as usual as walking. But hes afforded with his designers to carry the Costa Verde to astounding existence, with George Allisons verdant, attractive location, whole with treat trees, operational water propeller, and even a thunderstorm, setting the sight completely and Karen Ann Ledgers set of clothes, Andrea Boccanfusos lights, and Chris Rummels jingles all con tributive powerfully to the ambience.Schreiber has conveyed into view outstanding work from all of his performers as well. Even the group of actors with the negligible roleslike Peter Aguero as one of Shannons competitor expedition guides or Alecia Medley as the inexperienced present bright, unforgettable performances. The four keys do a lot more, getting intensely into the spirits and wits and moods of their characters and allowing us appreciate what creating e real one of them marks.Janet Saia is a strong, bodily Maxine, but she constantly permits us to observe the exasperation and solitude that troubles this woman. Denise Fiore provides us a beached, moderately than delicate, Hannah, a woman who has been taught how to stay alive and cultured how to take out crumbs of contentment from a less-than-ideal living circumstances she senses at one time transient and very weary, so that the trip she narrates and the expedition she takes throughout the play both seem very persuasive (Tenn essee Williams, 150). determination So you actually dont feel like to miss an exceptional opportunity to witness one of the less-frequently through with(p) Williams works of art as it was destined to be seen. Certainly, Im not sure that anyone has ever left a creation of Williams additional dignified or stimulated by the wealthy acceptance of humankind that our arrogant American spectacular writer infatuated. The Night of the Iguana is considered to be the best play of Williams.The way he has given a positive message at the end of his play has made the play very effective and influential. This play in no doubt different than whatever work he has make till date. References Williams, Tennessee. 1961. The Night of the Iguana A Play. Published by New Directions Anonymous. 1964. The Night of the Iguana . Retrieved on 5th March 09 from http//www. imdb. com/title/tt0058404/

Metaphysics & Epistemology Paper Essay Example for Free

Metaphysics Epistemology Paper EssayG. E. Moores main contributions to philosophy were in the areas of metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and philosophical methodology. In epistemology, Moore is remembered as a stalwart defender of commonsense realism. Rejecting skepticism on the one hand, and, on the other, metaphysical theories that would invalidate the commonsense beliefs of ordinary people (non-philosophers), Moore articulated three different versions of a commonsense- realist epistemology over the course of his career.According to data I researched Moores epistemological interest also motivated often of his metaphysical work, which to a large extent was focused on the ontology of cognition. In this regard, Moore was an important voice in the discussion of sense-data that dominated Anglo- American epistemology in the early twentieth century. In ethics, Moore is famous for driving kinsperson the difference between moral and non-moral properties, which he cashed-out in ter ms of the non-natural and the natural.Moores classification of the moral as non-natural was to be one of the hinges upon which moral philosophy in the Anglo- American academy turned until roughly 1960. Moores approach to philosophizing involved focusing on narrow problems and avoiding grand synthesis. His method was to scrutinize the meanings of the key out terms in which philosophers expressed themselves while maintaining an implicit commitment to the ideals of clarity, rigor, and tuneation. This aspect of his philosophical style was sufficiently novel and conspicuous that many saw it as an innovation in philosophical methodology.Moore is widely ac knowledge as a founder of analytic philosophy, the kind of philosophy that has dominated the academy in Britain and the linked States since roughly the 1930s. Moore also had a significant influence outside the academic philosophy, through his contacts in the Cambridge Apostles and the Bloomsbury group. In both academic sp here(predic ate)s, Moores influence was due in no small part to his exceptional personality and moral character. One of the most important parts of Moores philosophical development was his break from the noble-mindedness that dominated British philosophy (as represented in the works of his former teachers F.H. Bradley and John McTaggart), and his defense of what he regarded as a common sense form of realism. In his 1925 essay A Defense of green Sense, he argued against idealism and skepticism toward the external world on the grounds that they could not give reasons to own their metaphysical premises that were more plausible than the reasons we have to accept the common sense claims about our knowledge of the world that skeptics and idealists must deny.He famously put the point into dramatic relief with his 1939 essay deduction of an External World, in which he gave a common sense argument against skepticism by facts of life his right hand and saying Here is one hand, and then raising his left and saying And here is another, then concluding that there are at least two external objects in the world, and so that he knows (by this argument) that an external world exists.Not surprisingly, not everyone inclined to skeptical doubts found Moores method of argument entirely convincing Moore, however, defends his argument on the grounds that skeptical arguments seem invariably to require an appeal to philosophical intuitions that we have considerably less reason to accept than we have for the common sense claims that they supposedly refute.

Commentary on John Keatss Poems Essay Example for Free

Commentary on John Keatss Poems EssayO g olden-tongued love story with imperturbable luteFair plumed Syren puff of far a elbow roomLeave melodizing on this wintry day, shut out up thine olden pages, and be unspokenAdieu for once again the fierce dispute,Betwixt damnation and impassiond clayMust I burn through once more humbly assayThe bitter-sweet of this Shakespearian fruit.Chief Poet and ye clouds of Albion,Begetters of our deep eternal theme,When through the old oak forest I am gone,let me not frame in a barren dream,But when I am consumed in the fire, award me innovative capital of Arizona wings to fly at my desire. COMMENTARY The poem under study was compose in 1818 after the completion of John Keatss 4,000-line poem Endymion. We argon facing a traditional and dogged form of poem as Sitting D deliver to Read King Lear Once once again is an Elizabethan sonnetcomposed of fourteen lines which ar divided up into three quatrains, that is four-line stanzas, and a fina l span -or two lines of verse. The rhyming pattern is abba, cddc, efef, gg as, notably Lute (l.1) rhymes with mute (l.4), far-away (l.2) with day (l.3) and dispute (l.5) with fruit (l.8). Moreover, the lines are iambic pentameters since they contain five iambic feet for instance _ / _ / _ / _ / _ /O Gol/den-tongued /Romance, /with se/rene LuteLike intimately of Keatss poems, this text deals with the speaker units encounter with something which incites him to meditate and alters significantly his vision of life. It is the perusal of King Lear written by William Shakespeare in 1605 which affects him this time and this is not a first reading judging by the presence of Once Again in the title. Keats was a great admirer of Shakespeare. The theme of oddment, which is one of Keatss main concerns, is latent in the poem.This sonnets concept can be divided into four parts. beginning(a)ly, chivalric romances are praised and put aside. Secondly, the effects they provoke are contrasted wit h those engendered by the reading of King Lear. Thirdly, the speaker begs Shakespeare and heaven , his sources of inspiration, to help him. Finally, he compares himself to the Phoenix, which has the power to be immortal.To nonplus with, the first quatrain opens with the interjection O which is by definition used to express strong feelings. Indeed, the poem is supercharged with lyricism, the two exclamation marks contributing to it among other(a)wise things. In this way, we are conscious from the beginning that the speaker s rereading of Shakespeares tragedy makes him profoundly react.Then, the term Romance refers to medieval romance, a form of narrative which genuine in the 12th century and related tales of chivalry and courtly love. Its heroes were imagelized and the plot often contained miraculous or supernatural elements such as dragons or monsters fighting for the sake of the heroine. The adjectival which qualifies this genre of literature, that is Golden-tongued, operat or that it is wonderfully narrated. Besides, it can be paralleled with the realms of gold Keats refers to in the same first line of the sonnet Upon First Looking into Chapmans Homer, the phrase macrocosm there a fable for books he highly values.Next, the lute is a stringed instrument, whose music acts as an enchantment on readers and leads them to sweet thoughts.This first line is basically an apostrophe since the speaker outright addresses Golden-tongued Romance thus personifying it.The Fair plumed Syren is praised as well, the poet considering her a royal person -a Queen- who melodizes (l.3). She is also gratuity in the romance in question. A siren, in Greek mythology, is one of the three sea nymphs, commonly represented with the head of a woman and the body of a bird. They inhabited an island surrounded by treacherous rocks and sang so fascinatingly that all who heard were drawn near or shipwrecked. The tune produced by the lute can be compared to the bewitching one sang b y the siren which irresistibly attracts the poet to exchangeable this kind of literature.But, the lexical field of pleasure including serene Lute, Fair plumed Syren and melodizing among other things is contrasted with more forbid phrases such as wintry day, Shut up and mute. This indicates that the poet is willing to wander from the sweet thoughts these readings generate, the Golden-tongued Romance creation a synecdote for chivalric romances in general.Moreover, the personification process is extended on line 4 since Golden-tongued Romance is addressed as though it was endowed with life and speech. Indeed, thine () Pages are the books. Moreover, the siren is used as a metonymy for the narrative insofar as the poet combines the two on line 4, the predicates Shut up and be mute referring to the nymph.Finally, the adjective olden alludes to this literatures ancient existence.In short, this first quatrain deals with the poets liking for medieval romances insisting on their enchanting power. Nevertheless, the latter wishes to dismiss them from his mind. And prosopopeia is aimed at showing that he is deeply affected by his rereading of King Lear. The foster stanza is going to contrast images of beauty with what Shakespeares tragedy displays.Next, the second quatrain begins with the poet bidding farewell to pleasant meditations.But, we should first and for the first time put this sonnet back in its context. We can easily presume that it is autobiographic, thus that Keats reveals us his own worries. In 1818, he is aware(predicate) that he has short time left to live due to the fatal illness he is suffering from, that is tuberculosis. Moreover, we have already realized that he is scared of death, particularly in his When I have aids that I may cease to be.In the second stanza, the lexical field of loony bin is present through fierce, damnation and burn through. And the predicate burn through must be interpreted both literally and figuratively. On the one hand, it hints at Keatss future death. On the other, it indicates his agitation facing contrastive directions as he is torn in the midst of hellish visions and sweeter meditations, designated by damnation versus impassiond clay. So, damnation is a metaphor for the thoughts the reading of King Lear provokes while impassiond clay refers to those generated by chivalric romances.The word clay plausibly makes lengthiness to the Bible as the consecrate book states that God painfule the human body with this material. So, it symbolizes fecundity and alteration in other words life. Thus, it is tempting to infer that romances allow the poet to escape from reality whereas King Lears sad fate reminds him of his bad condition.The second part of the quatrain deals with the poets will to concentrate onShaksperean fruit in other words on King Lear itself. While the first stanza introduced his liking for romances, this one gradually leads us to the depicted object of the poem i.e. the feelings a nd thoughts the reading of the tragedy trigger. King Lear is quite a sad story as it deals among other things with consequences of the fatal mistake the eponymous character makes at retirement as he divides his kingdom between two of his daughters Goneril and Regan thinking that the youngest Cordelia is the one who loves him the least. Once he realizes that his trusted girls intend to drive him away, he leaves them.Cordelia, disowned, became Queen of France. She is informed of the situation and lands on her fathers old kingdom with an army to fight the other girls. The play ends in a disaster since Goneril, ashamed because unmasked by her husband, who had not known how wicked his wife was, suicides herself after having poisoned her sister Regan, out of a spirit of jealousy. And Cordelia, defeated by her sisters, is hung in prison. Lear dies last, his dear daughter in his arms.The adjective bitter-sweet (l.8) hints at both the pleasure the speaker takes rereading the story and afore mentioned sad thoughts. The death of the characters actually reminds him he is to die soon.To summarize, literature acts as a catalyst on Keats since it makes him meditate. And between the images of beauty romances trigger and the disturbed thoughts King Lear provokes, he finally chooses to concentrate on Shakespeare. The reasons of this choice are going to be assumption in the third stanza.The third quatrain begins in the same way as the second, with an exclamation. Chief Poet is a distinction attributed to Shakespeare. In fact, the speaker aims at emphasizing his admiration for the playwright.Then, Albion is the name given by elders to striking Britain because of its white-hot cliffs -in Latin albus averages white. This is also where King Lear takes place.And a theme, in a work of literature is an idea that the writer develops orrepeats. If we take into account this definition,Chief Poet and ye clouds of Albion,Begetters of our deep eternal theme may mean that Shakespeare an d Great Britain are the poets inexhaustible inspiration.Next, the speaker identifies with Lear on line 11. When the latter realizes that what Goneril and Regan really want is to give chase him away, he leaves. It is a wild and stormy night and he wanders about the fields half mad with misery. So, lines 11 and 12 allude to that very episode in the tragedy. This is an instance of intertextuality.In addition, we can get the picture the presence of heaven in this stanza. First, the phrase clouds of Albion reminds us of that biblical place which is usually imagined as being high up in the sky. And spirits walking on clouds are often pictured. Moreover, the fact that Great Britain is named Albion because of its white cliffs conveys the idea of a bridge between earth and heaven or life and death.Next, the old oak forest is highly symbolical. In many traditions, the oak is a sacred tree which is vested with privileges of welkin supreme divinity. It is also considered as an intermediary b etween earth where it puts its roots and the vault of the sky that it touches with its top. That is probably due to its majestic appearance and because it attracts lightning. So, the oak forest can be regarded as a sacred and secluded place, in other words as a kind of sanctuary in which the poet roams postponement for his impending death.Personification is also used as the subject of the predicate Let me not wander in a barren dream is not only Chief Poet but also clouds of Albion. Keatss fear to die is perceived in that line and begging the deceased playwright to save him is a way of highlighting his sacredness. Let us remind of Keatss admiration for Shakespeare.Therefore, the Elizabethan writer and heavens importance are dealt with. They are the source of the speakers inspiration and his saviour. The final couplet is about the poets yearning to be reincarnated.Lastly, the legend of the Phoenix is introduced. In ancient Greek and Egyptian mythology, it is a bird. When it felt its death approaching -every 500 or 1461 long time-, it would build a nest of aromatic wood, set it on fire and was consumed by the flames. When it was burned, a new phoenix sprang forth from the pyre.In these two lines, the poet compares himself to the mythical bird endowing himself with the same powers as its own, that is those of resurrection and immortality. Indeed, he is hagridden by his impending death and yearns to be immortal, what he achieves in a way since 175 years after his death, he is still much read, valued and studied in universities.To conclude, it is pensive introspection in the form of lyric poetry on a young mans impending death. We are made aware of Keatss visionary experience rereading King Lear. His liking for romances is highlighted nevertheless he chooses to concentrate on Shakespeares masterpiece as it makes him think about his worries. Indeed, literature acts as a catalyst for meditation. Finally, we focus on the poets fear of death and yearning for immortal ity.

Significance of the Study Essay Example for Free

Significance of the Study EssayThis demand is all about Wi-Fi contacts on school campuses and the proper usage of it, there are several reports show, that round students dont use those Wi-Fi connections for school projects, assignments, etc but they use it more on social networking sites such(prenominal) as Facebook, twitter, tumblr etc. other students use it for watching/downloading porn.The researcher aims to know what is the real purpose of Wi-Fi connections on school campuses and what they do to those students who are wedded to social networking sites. It will give help to those students who are addicted to social networking sites and how do they stop using it even in school hours. The speculate is very assistive because it improves the knowledge of the people that are involved in the study. It will give information on how students controvert physically and emotionally.Scope and Delimitation of the Study This study was undertaken to determine the usage of Wi-Fi conne ctions on school campuses by third year high school students of Maryhill College during the school year 2012-2013 the respondents of the student were 223 third year students. This study also focused on proper usage of students of Wi-Fi. The aspects looked into were the meaning of Wi-Fi, proper usage of internet connection of students and other wireless connections. Definition of TermsFor better understanding of the study the following were defined curtly Internet. is a orbicular system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol entourage (often called TCP/IP, although not all applications use TCP) to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies Wireless network. efers to any type of computer network that is not connected by cables of any kind.It is a method by which homes, telecommunications networks and enterprise (business) installations avoid the costly process of introducing cables into a building, or as a connection amidst various equipment locations. Wireless local area network (WLAN. ) links two or more devices using some wireless distribution method (typically spread-spectrum or OFDM radio), and usually providing a connection through an overture point to the wider internet.

Traffic Camera Lights Should Be Installed Essay Example for Free

craft Camera Lights Should Be Installed Essay deprivation comfortable running is a common problem in roads and interbreedings. According to the focus report from Texas Ho expenditure Representatives, injuries and fatalities from ruby trip crashes had increased annually from 10,000 in the year 1975 to 24,000 in the year 2001 (Focus Report, p 1). In calcium, from the report of the internal Advisory Board, in that location is an count completely 200,000 crashes where 150,000 are from injuries and more(prenominal) than 1,100 fatalities in the year 2001. ( home(a) oppose to block off Red Light, p. 1).In the eld 1992 to 2000, the number of road accidents that had caused death at signalized intersections had increased by 19% nationwide where the chromatic well-heeled running being the frequent cause. Half of the deaths were innocent pedestrians and occupants in vehicles that had been hit by these flushed loose runners (National ride to Stop Red Light, p. 1)..Financ ially, California Highway Patrol estimates that the red percipient running fatality had caused $2,600,000 and other accidents cost between $2,000 and $183,000 (National Campaign to Stop Red Light, p. 1). In Texas, accidents are estimated to be cost at between $1.4 Billion. Medical, Insurance and other related expenses falls at roughly $3 billion annually. Federal Highway Administration from the US part of Transportation, red get out runnin more than 100,000 crashes and approximately 1,000 deaths annually (Federal Highway Administration, page 1). In post to address the problem of red light running, authorities had decided to use photographic cameras. Traffic light cameras had been used in the United States in the 90s. John Quain states that New York had been one of the outset areas that had installed camera devices to catch law-breaking individuals (nytimes.com, 2008). Red light Cameras primary(prenominal) goal is to make population obey calling rules and minimize if not eliminate red light runner violators. There are three types of cameras that had been used by the police. These are the film camera, digital camera and exposure camera (National Campaign to Stop Red Light, p 13). The film camera has a special(a) amount of images to capture exclusively has the highest image resolution among the other two types. The digital camera captures the stick out and directs it to the computer. There is no need to get or retrieved the image from the site because the captured images go straight to the database of the operator.Lastly, video cameras are used to detect the speed and capture the images to detect the violators. The cameras apply assorted features to sense the correct of the car. This includes the video motion sensors, laser tracking and the sensors embedded in the road. When the car passes the stop line and the light has turned red, the camera captures a series of pictures of the infraction.This includes the license plate of the violator. From these pictures, the owner of the vehicle is issued a okay. The ticket and the photographic evidence from the camera is then given to the owner via mail (nytimes.com, 2008). In addition to the mail, check to Seattle Post Intelligence, the owner is tasked to dedicate the fine in 18 days, if the owner was not the one private road he or she must ask for a hearing or an profane swearing. If the driver had signed the affidavit the ticket is nulled. The tickets issued to the owner do not appear in the driving records (seattlepi.com, 2008). There are numerous benefits in installing the traffic light cameras. First benefit is to the police force. In the article from the National Campaign to Stop Red light runners, it had been stressed that the police force monitors the roads and intersections in order to ensure that there are no violators. If a particular scenario happens, the police is sometimes forced to shack the violator for the traffic ticket. This particular procedure does not only devastate the time of the police but it also wastes gasoline.There have also been procedures that had assigned a particular sort out to monitor the roads. These situations waste time and effort of not only a single policeman but a group of policemen. Since the cameras had been installed, the police had more time to worry about other things aside from monitoring the traffic (National Campaign to Stop Red Light, p 11). In the year 1998, the International Association of Chiefs of Police had supported the red light cameras. The resolution had indicated that red light cameras are there for more effective and efficient traffic law, in conjunction with normal enforcement efforts. (National Campaign to Stop Red Light, p 11). Second benefit is that the red light cameras had been able to reduce the red light violations by 40% at intersections with cameras and a 50% reduction at intersections without cameras (thenewspaper.com, 2008). The reduction of violations only shows that there the goals of the red light cameras had been met. Third benefit is the monetary aspect from the type of crash accidents that had happened.According to the Federal Highway Administration in America, there is an approximate aggregate scotch benefit of $39,000 per site per year. The $39,000 benefit came from the minimized right angle crashes and the increase in rear accident crashes. Even though there was an increase in the rear end crashes the economic computation of the crashes had resulted to a positive benefit for society. Another angle of economic benefit is that the camera systems pay for itself because of the red light running fines that has been generated. (Federation Highway Administration, page 84). Another benefit that the red light camera brings is that it had become a deterrent to bring behaviour change to motorists. (National Campaign to Stop Red Light, p 8). The behaviour change does not only include obeying traffic rules, it also includes respect for fellow drivers which had resulted to avoiding crashes, injuries and injustice of life. Recent studies show that there have been 25 to 30 percent reduction in intersection injury crashes (National Campaign to Stop Red Light, p 8). In Seattle, the frequency of light running dropped. Studies revealed that there has been a reduction of at least 50 percent.The study shows that the cameras had reduced the frequency of car collisions. Seattle had do a one-year pilot period and the city had issued that there have been 16,539 citations. These citations had resulted to $1.1 million in penalties. more(prenominal) than 70% of the ticketed violators had paid for their fines (seattlepi.com, 2008). In London, red light and speed cameras had shown a reduction of 54% in red light violations. The 11,000 violations that had ben recorded in the last 6 months of the year 2000 had been decreased to 5,000 in the first six months of the year 2001. (Red Light Press Clippings, Page 1).The red light camera had been installed i n different areas in the United States and it has also contributed a lot in the reduction of accidents and injuries in the road. Oxnard California had shown that there have been a reduction of injury crashes at intersections with traffic signals by 29 percent since 1997. This does not only include the intersections with camera. Fairfax, Virginia had experience a decline of 44% after a year of camera enforcement. Washington D.C. had shown a reduction of fatalities from16 percent to 2 percent in the first two years of installation. Charlotte, North Carolina had experienced 70 percent in the first year of camera enforcement. New York urban center, Maryland, and California also had shown a reduction of violations ever since the cameras had been installed.There are many issues that surround the installation of red light cameras. There have been studies that show that the installation of the cameras had resulted to an increase in the rear-end crashes of cars. The issue had been the quan tify of the yellow light and the fear of the spate about the ticketing from the traffic enforcement offices.Another issue is that the enforcers may have adjusted the cameras so that there would be more people who would incur traffic violations to increase the fine collection. Some of the people view the installation of these cameras as an additional tax collection that the government is assemblage from the people. The Big Brother issue had also been discussed, several people question their right to privacy. It had been noted that the use of the red light cameras violates the privacy of the people. (US House of Representatives, 2001)There may have been issues that are against the red light cameras however, the proponent of this paper believes that it is better to install traffic cameras in all the intersections. It is more important to be able to care for the safety of the people rather than think about the privacy and costs. Life costs more than anything else and it is the duty of the police to take care of the citizens of the country.People feel safer because they know that it is safe in the streets. Knowing that there are safeguards such as traffic camera lights in the roads helps people think that they are secure. The reduction of the violations of red light running had shown very promising results. It is not only easier for the police force to know the violators but it had also brought about the increase of security in the roads. Since people would not be able to escape their violations, the people are then disciplined and as a such this brings behavioural change from the drivers.Works CitedRobinson, B.A. , Same Sex Marriages (SSM), Civil Unions and Domestic Partnerships. Religous Tolerance, 30, Texas House of the Representatives. Red-Light Cameras in Texas A Status Report Focus Report. may 2001. House Research Organization. 10 February 2008. http//www.hro.house.state.tx.us/focus/redlight79-15.pdfQuain, J. Lights, Camera, Traffic Ticket Technology. 6 Ja nuary 2008. New York Times. 10 February 2008. http//www.nytimes.com/2008/01/06/automobiles/06LIGHT.html?ex=1357275600en=fedd158c6b011f9bei=5088partner=rssnytemc=rssFederal Highway Administration. Safety Evaluation of Red-Light Cameras. U.S. Department of Transportation. April 2005. Research and Development Technology Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center. 10 February 2008. http//www.tfhrc.gov/safety/pubs/05048/05048.pdfNational Campaign to Stop Red Light Running. Stop on Red = Safe on Green. 2002. National Campaign to Stop Red Light Running 10 February 2008. http//www.stopredlightrunning.com/pdfs/StopOnRedSafeOnGreen.pdfGalloway, Angela. More red light cameras coming 2 January 2008. Seattle Post Intelligencer. 10 February 2008. http//seattlepi.nwsource.com/local/345753_redlight03.htmlBJS. Red light cameras can reduce crash-related injuries 20 April 2005. Science Blog. 10 Februar 2008. http//www.scienceblog.com/cms/node/7612/printMobilizing the Region. Facing Albany Roadblock, NYC must Fake Traffic Safety Program. 24 November 2001. Tri-State Transportation Campaign. 10 February 2008. http//www.tstc.org/bulletin/City of Saskatoon. Drive safe. Drive smart. Stop at red lights 2007. City of Saskatoon. 10 Februry 2008. http//saskatoon.ca/org/municipal_engineering/red_light_cameras/index.aspU.S. House of Representatives. Red Light Camera Scam. The Red Light Running Crisis May 2001. TheNewspaper.com 10 February 2007 http//www.thenewspaper.com/rlc/reports/rlcreport6.asp

Hot Cross Bun Formulation

Hot encompass axial rotation FormulationThe conception of this study is to reflect on the package of automobilee offered to a knob and to critically evaluate the secernate base for the mannequin which might be considered best practice for a specific client problem, or issue. This entails identifying a imageicular clients presenting issues while describing the evidence that is available for a suited therapeutic approach, or model which would promote best practice. The study depart reflect on a client who has been diagnosed with bet- harmtic foc exploitation disorder (posttraumatic stress disorder) as a result of a road traffic happening (RTI) and concentrates on the intake of imaginal ikon therapy (IET) for the hidement of symptoms. Triggers and maintenance factors contributing to the clients deteriorating well-being will be explained using body-buildulation as well as the protective and predisposing divisors that were explored in therapy. Relevant literature will b e cited through aside(p) and separate research articles that have been critically reviewed will be discussed. Presentation, referencing and in strained consent are consistent with the tutor of Health and mixer Cares guidance and have been adhered to throughout this assignment.Introductionposttraumatic stress disorder is an anxiousness disorder that lav uprise after impression to one or more terrifying imports, in which grave railway carnal harm occurred or was threatened. It is a unrelenting and ongoing activated reaction to an extreme mental trauma. The trauma may involve someones actual death or a threat to the individuals or someone elses life. The posttraumatic stress disorder sufferer is affected to a degree that usual psychological defenses are incapable of coping.Reports of battle-associated stress pop as early as the 6th century BC. posttraumatic stress disorder-like symptoms have been appreciate in m some(prenominal) besiege veterans in m whatsoever conflic ts since. These symptoms have been called shell shock, traumatic war neurosis, and set-Traumatic Stress Syndrome (PTSS). The modern understanding of PTSD dates from the 1970s, largely as a result of the problems that were cool off being experienced by Vietnam veterans.The term Post Traumatic Stress Disorder was coined in the mid-1970s. azoic in 1978, the term was employ in a operative group finding presented to the Committee of Reactive Disorders of the American psychiatrical Association. The term was formally recognised in 1980 in the third mutation of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association.Although a controversial diagnosis when low gear introduced, PTSD has filled an important gap in psychiatric theory and practice. From an historical perspective, the significant change ushered in by the PTSD concept was the stipulation that the aetiologic agent was outside the individual him or herself (i.e., the traumatic event ) rather than an inherent individual weakness (i.e., a traumatic neurosis). The key to understanding the scientific basis and clinical expression of PTSD is the concept of trauma.DSM-IV-TR criteria for PTSDIn 2000, the American Psychiatric Association revised the PTSD diagnostic criteria in the tail edition of its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR)(1). Diagnostic criteria for PTSD include a hi allegory of exposure to a traumatic event meeting two criteria and symptoms from each of three symptom clusters intrusive recollections, avoidant/ blunt symptoms, and hyper-arousal symptoms. A fifth criterion concerns duration of symptoms and a sixth assesses functioning.PTSD is unique among other psychiatric diagnoses because of the great importance placed upon the etiological agent, the traumatic stressor. In fact, one can non make a PTSD diagnosis unless the patient has actually met the stressor criterion which means that he or she has been capable to an his torical event that is considered traumatic. Clinical experience with the PTSD diagnosis has sh deliver, however, that there are individual differences regarding the capacity to hump with ruinous stress so that while some mess showd to traumatic events do not develop PTSD, others go on to develop the full-blown syndrome. Such observations have nimbleed a recognition that trauma, like pain, is not an external phenomenon that can be completely objectified. Like pain, the traumatic experience is filtered through cognitive and emotional growthes before it can be appraised as an extreme threat. Because of individual differences in this appraisal process, different people appear to have different trauma thresholds, some more protected and some more conquerable to development clinical symptoms after exposure to extremely stressful spaces. Although there is a renewed pursuit in subjective aspects of traumatic exposure, it must be emphasised that exposure to events such as rape, t orture, genocide, and severe war zone stress, are experienced as traumatic events by nearly e preciseone.The National fetch for Clinical Excellence (NICE) has published guidance to help the National Health Service (NHS) recognise and treat people who develop PTSD after traumatic events. Recommendations include psychological treatment in the form of trauma-focussed cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and/or a course of anti-depressant medication while receiving therapy.Trauma-focussed CBT focuses on a persons sad feelings, thoughts (or cognitions) and behaviour and helps to bring near a positive change. In trauma-focused CBT, the treatment concentrates specifically on the memories, thoughts and feelings that a person has about the traumatic event.Imaginal exposure therapy (IET) is a component of trauma-focused CBT and involves revisiting the traumatic recollection or memories in a safe and controlled purlieu so that the intensity of the individuals anxious and fearful reactions (thoughts, emotions, physical sensations and behaviours) is reduced.Clients are exposed to the trauma memory by repeatedly describing the events of the trauma aloud until the foreboding result is reduced. This process is referred to as habituation. The treatment aims to eventually eliminate the fearful responses so that the client can face a feared situation without experiencing anxiety or fear. The goal IET is to process the trauma memories and to reduce distress and avoidant behaviours that the traumatic memory evokes.CBT, as we know it today, is a result of a group of modern related therapies that have empirical psychological support. There have been two main influences to modern CBT and these are behaviour therapy (BT), as developed by Wolpe, Skinner and others in the 1950s and sixties and cognitive therapy (CT) as developed by Beck and others in the 1960s and 1970s (Westbrook, et al. 2011, p2).Freudian psychoanalysis had dominated the psycho-therapeutic world since the late 1800s, but in the 1950s, Eysneck and others in the psychological community questioned the lack of empirical evidence to support psychoanalysis. As a result, BT developed within the faculty member and scientific psychology community, basing its methodology on observable events between stimuli and response. Despite the success of BT, there was still some dissatisfaction with what was seen as the limitations of a purely behavioural approach (Westbrook, et al. 2011, p3). Beck and others were developing ideas about CT as early as the 1950s these ideas focussed on mental processes such as thoughts, dogmas and our interpretation of events, and go along to maintain an empirical approach to validate its theory to the psychological world (Westbrook, et al. 2011, p3). Although Beck was not the premier(prenominal) to intimacy faulty behaviour with irrational thought and unhealthy emotions, his work revolutionised the psychology world and tolerates to be used today.Background to the Clien tThroughout this assignment the client will be referred to as T. Protecting the clients identity operator complies with the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the British Association of Cognitive and Behavioural Psychotherapies (BABCP) guidelines regarding client namelessness as described in the Ethical Framework for Good Practice and fulfils the requirements of the Universitys School of Health and sociable Cares policy on confidentiality.T was seen in a primary care setting with a counselor service that offers short to medium term therapy for clients over the age of 16 years. She was referred to the service by her GP. She is a 25 year old female who is married with two boys aged 7 and 5 years. She is presently unemployed and lives in kind housing with her husband who works in a local factory. T was raised and lived in an area where the 2007 Index of Deprivation (ID2007) indicates deprivation is 110.6% higher than the national average. There is a h igher proportion of the working age population claiming incapacity benefit than the County average (Area Action Partnership). T first went to her GP shortly after being released from hospital after an RTA. She was a front empennage passenger and received injuries to her face, arms and legs which include severe bruising, cuts and a temporal mandibular joint (TMJ) injury. tierce months after the accident T continued to experience nightmares and flashbacks. The GPs letter to the service illustrious the clients deterioration and the sea captain diagnosis of acute stress disorder (ASD) that had been diagnosed in the first month avocation the accident was revise to PTSD. Several studies have provided convincing evidence that early CBT treatment of ASD reduces the possibility of the development of PTSD (Moulds, et al. 2009, p16). ASD was introduced into the fourth edition of the diagnostic statistical manual (DSM) in 1994. The diagnostic criteria for ASD (Appendix A) are similar to t hose of PTSD, but differ in two fundamental areas. Firstly, ASD can only be diagnosed in the first month following the traumatic event and minute of arcly, ASD includes a greater emphasis on dissociative symptoms (American Psychiatric Association, 1994).During their consultation, the GP noted that T had become withdrawn and distanced from her family and friends, she account feeling like she was watching the world from inside a bell jar, this dissociative symptom is described as derealisation, and is commons in ASD patients (Simeon and Abugel, 2006, p86). The GP assessed T using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ 9) and the General Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD 7) which resulted in readys of 15 and 19 respectively. These signs indicate that T was suffering with moderate to severe anxiety with depression.T was seen over a intent of 13 seances. The duration of each session lasted between 1 hour and 90 minutes. monthlong sessions were included to provide sufficient meas ure for sharing the trauma history and include time for anxiety levels to descend (Leahy and Holland, 2000, p197).The contract between the counselling service and T was explained. This included informed consent to tape measure sessions, confidentiality and its limitations and an valuation of essay. Evaluation of risk is an important part of the therapeutic process and is done throughout therapy. It involves assessing the client, the environment and also the healers own personal and professional limitations (Mueller, et al. 2010, p 65). CORE OM was used to calculate a risk score and also to assess Ts suitability for therapy. The Cognitive Therapy Rating Scale as developed by Safran and Segal was not available to the therapist during the first session, but subsequent reviewing of the scale indicated that T was a suitable chance for cognitive behavioural interventions. CORE OM score is shown below in figure 1.Prior to developing a treatment fancy, the therapist socialised the c lient to CBT explaining the evidence that supported using CBT interventions for PTSD. (Bryant, et al. 1999) and (Westbrook, et al. 2011, p81-83). First session therapist notes detailed Ts early(prenominal) history, the development of problems and the protective factors in her life (Appendix B). T was clear about what she cherished from therapy. Her problems fell into three main areas (1) Nightmares, poor sleep, anxiety around bedtime, which resulted in an increased peevishness with others (2) Avoiding locomotion in any form of transport, which resulted in her relying on others to take her children to direct and other social or sporting events (3) Withdrawing from friends and family, which led to her isolating herself socially. She believed that if she avoided all forms of transport and stayed inside, she would reduce the chances of experiencing any flashbacks or pop outting very panicky which she found extremely distressing and frightening. T and the therapist created a Proble m and close form to capture this selective in data formation (Appendix C) and agreed to discuss the problems and goals over again when the treatment cast was formulated.The specific client issue selected is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). PTSD is defined as a common anxiety disorder that develops after exposure to a terrifying event or ordeal in which grave physical harm occurred or was threatened (DSM-IV-TR 463). The DSM-IV-TRs criteria are precisely written as exposure to a traumatic event, persistent re-experience of the event, avoidance of the stimuli, persistent avoidance of increased arousal, duration of disturbance and hurt of social occupational or other important areas of functioning. Within the criteria there are subsets portraying greater detail of the types of symptoms that may be experienced by the client (Appendix A).T was seen over a period of 13 sessions. The duration of each session lasted between 1 hour and 90 minutes. Longer sessions were included to p rovide sufficient time for sharing the trauma history and allow time for anxiety levels to decrease (Leahy and Holland, 2000, p197).The contract between the counselling service and T was explained. This included informed consent to tape sessions, confidentiality and its limitations and an evaluation of risk. Evaluation of risk is an important part of the therapeutic process and is done throughout therapy. It involves assessing the client, the environment and also the therapists own personal and professional limitations (Mueller, et al. 2010, p 65). CORE OM was used to calculate a risk score and also to assess Ts suitability for therapy. The Cognitive Therapy Rating Scale as developed by Safran and Segal was not available to the therapist during the first session, but subsequent reviewing of the scale indicated that T was a suitable candidate for cognitive behavioural interventions. CORE OM score is shown below in figure 1.Prior to developing a treatment plan, the therapist socialise d the client to CBT explaining the evidence that supported using CBT interventions for ASD. (Bryant, et al. 1999) and (Westbrook, et al. 2011, p81-83). First session therapist notes detailed Ts past history, the development of problems and the protective factors in her life (Appendix B). T was clear about what she wanted from therapy. Her problems fell into three main areas (1) Nightmares, poor sleep, anxiety around bedtime, which resulted in an increased irritability with others (2) Avoiding travelling in any form of transport, which resulted in her relying on others to take her children to school and other social or sporting events (3) Withdrawing from friends and family, which led to her isolating herself socially. She believed that if she avoided all forms of transport and stayed inside, she would reduce the chances of experiencing any flashbacks or drumting very panicky which she found extremely distressing and frightening. T and the therapist created a Problem and Goal form t o capture this information (Appendix C) and agreed to discuss the problems and goals again when the treatment plan was formulated.The therapist asked T if she could give her most recent experience of a flashback ( fingers breadth 2a). T reported that the pattern of events leading to feeling fear or experiencing a flashback were the same. She would make an effort to do a certain activity, but flashbacks and panic were triggered by (in particular) smells or sounds that could not be avoided. The hot cross pealing formulation in figure 2a tracks events from release the house, auditory modality cars and smelling gasoline, which was the trigger point. On this occasion T reported having a clear memory of being trapped in the car (which was also her recurring nightmare), she could remember smelling petrol and hearing the screeching of brakes. Her brain misinterpreted these signs for an actual threat, creating reprobate thinking Ive got to get home something terrible is going to happe n, offensive emotions fear, anxiety and terror, unpleasant physiological reaction heart pounding, shaking, feeling nauseous, which led to her avoidant behaviour to reduce her anxiety and escape her perceived fearful situation.Flashbacks are defined in DSM IV as a payoff of a memory, feeling, or perceptual experience from the past (American Psychiatric Association,1994). Another example of a flashback bear on T sitting in her garden when a neighbour was mowing the lawn with a petrol engine lawn lawn mower. T could smell the petrol and this triggered a flashback to the events of the RTA. The therapist encouraged T to follow the formulation and create her own diagram based on her experience in the garden (Figure 2b). T and the therapist were able to notion at both diagrams and see that the pattern was similar. A sound or smell was identified as the trigger in both examples. Her thought process, affect and physiology were similar, but crucially, this led again to her avoidant behav iour.Hot Cross bowl FormulationEvent/TriggerWalking to the shop to buy milk, hearingthe cars and smelling petrolFlashback of being trapped in the carThoughtsIm going to die, Ill never see me children againIve got to get away from hereIve got to get home, something terrible is going to happenBehaviour EmotionsEscape the situation revereTearful TerrorAnxietyPhysiologyHeart pounding, Nausea,Tense, Sweating, ShakingBased on Hot Cross Bun (Padesky, 1993)Hot Cross Bun Formulation (originally hand drawn by client)Event/Trigger seated outside in the garden, having a cup of teaHearing neighbour start up his lawn mowerSmelling petrol from the lawn mowerFlashback of fear of being burned aliveThoughtsOh God Its happening againIve got to get inside the house. Ill be safe thereBehaviour EmotionsTearful FearNeeding to get inside the house TerrorAnxietyPhysiologyHeart pounding, Nausea,Tense, Sweating, Shaking,Based on Hot Cross Bun (Padesky, 1993)T and the therapist discussed the process of ente r details in this format and agreed that it gave them both a greater understanding of Ts situation. This collaborative approach is characteristic of CBT and was necessary when working towards a treatment plan for factors that needed to be targeted in therapy and homework setting. Padesky and Greenberger (1995, p6) explain the importance of the client and therapist working as a team, particularly as clients may have an expectation that the therapist is going to fix them. Milton (2009, p104) agrees lending that the therapist also plays the role of a trainer, back up the client to become an observer of themselves in order to argufy their thoughts, feelings and rulings. Westbrook et al (2011, p238) cites Kazantzis et al (2002) in providing evidence of greater improvement in those clients who complete homework. T was discriminating to monitor any anxiety provoking scenarios at home using the hot cross bun model. She was aware that if her second goal was to be achieved (Appendix C) s he needed to reduce and eventually eliminate her avoidant behaviour (Wells, 1997, p49-50).A treatment plan was discussed and agreed with T based on her problem list and goals for therapy (Appendix C). The treatment plan included the following elementsPyscho-EducationGrounding and Safety WorkImaginal Exposure TherapyCognitive RestructuringRelapse ManagementThe session on psycho-education gave T the opportunity to learn about her symptoms, and to recognise and anticipate them for effective management. Fisher, (1999) states that psycho-education is an essential element for stabilising a trauma client. Briere and Scott (2006, p87) agree, adding that psycho-education provides the client with accurate information about the nature of their trauma, which gives them a greater understanding of their situation. Psychoeducation winding justification of use of IET, a history of our learnedness experience and the fight or flight response. Regular reference was made to the clients formulation so that she could understand how and why her threat response had been activated.Once T understood her anxiety response in relation to her experiences, she felt ready to continue onto the next stage of therapy. Grounding and safety work was completed prior to IET. Herman (1997, p155) argues that the central task of the first phase of trauma therapy must be safety. The client needs to feel safe within themselves learning grounding and safety skills gives the client the opportunity to manage potential uncontrolled flashbacks. This also formed part of Ts relapse management in the later stages of therapy. Once safety and grounding work was completed, the therapeutic process moved onto the trauma itself using IET.Throughout therapy there were opportunities to explore Ts present situation and past events. This information was initially written down in a mind map format and shared with T during the session. As additional information was gathered in subsequent sessions this was written in long itudinal format (Figure 3). From the information gathered, the client recognised how and why she had always been the rescuer in the family. This included an age wrong responsibility when her father had left the family home and T had taken on the role of carer to her distraught set about and siblings. She suffered an emotional breakdown at the age of 14, over whelmed by the pressure of doing well at school so that she could get a good job and support the family. T recognised how this belief organization developed after her father left and how it was effecting how she saw herself in the present. During therapy T and the therapist discussed the importance of this belief and how it had allowed her to cope during those years growing up. The therapist asked what purpose this belief served in her life now when she was gifted with her family and well supported by her husband. She no longer needed to be the rescuer. T and the therapist explored how this belief may be affecting what was ha ppening to her when she was fearful of having a flashback. T concluded that she needed to add I must always cope to her beliefs in Figure 3 and I cant cope to her thought process. T recognised the contradiction between this thought and her rescuer belief.Longitudinal FormulationEarly Experiences5 years old, Dad leaves family homeOldest of four children, Takes on a helping role ulterior supports mother through depressionBreakdown at school aged 14 years delinquent to self- imposed pressureMet future husband aged 16,Pregnant at 17 years and married at 18 years oldBeliefsIts my responsibility to take care of everyone and make things rightI must always copeAssumptions and RulesI must be perfect and do everything right, otherwise I will let everyone downIf something goes wrong it will be my faultCritical IncidentCar hazardActivation of BeliefsIts my responsibility to save everyoneAutomatic ThoughtsI should have got B out of the car. I didnt do everything I could haveI failed. I cant co pe with thisBehavioural EmotionsAvoidance FearSocial withdrawal AnxietyFearful to go outside GuiltFearful to travel in any transportationWorryPhysiologyPoor Sleep Tense Heart Pounding SweatingThe goal of IET is to expose the client to the memory of the trauma rather than to relive the trauma itself. Ts therapy involved her retelling the story initially in the past tense and then in the present tense. An important part of the healing process was encouraging T to bring those traumatic memories to mind, in a safe and trusting environment, while remaining in the present. The client learns through repetitive description, that the memory of the event is not dangerous and will also allow habituation to take place (Zayfert and Becker, 2008, p127). T decided that she would record the sessions on the voice recorder role of her mobile phone and listen to the recordings at home as part of her homework. Zayfert and Becker (2008, p130) emphasise how critical earreach to the tapes at home is as the repetition is vital if the exposure is going to be successful.The therapist explained that T would be asked to close her eyeball and describe the events of that day. Leahy and Holland (2000, p 198) suggest breaking the clients story down into little parts if there are a series of traumatic events. T was asked to recall the events of that day in terms of chapters several chapters were listed (Appendix D). Ts experienced anticipatory anxiety at the thought of retelling the story and this was discussed. The therapist quieten her she would be experiencing the memory, that the RTA was not happening right now and that she was safe in the room and could overspread her eyes at any time. T began at a point in time when she felt safe and ended the narration at a point in time when again she felt out of danger. The therapist explained the Subjective Units of Distress ( launder) Rating Scale and then T began narrating her story in the past tense and was allowed to do this uninterrupt ed the therapist only intervening to check on Ts anxiety. Ts SUDS score was noted for each chapter (Appendix D col A). At the end of each session, T was given time to process her experience before leaving. T gave the therapist feedback on how she felt sessions had gone, and what, if anything she had learned.The next session involved the client narrating the story, but this time in the present tense. T found this difficult at first and often resumed the past tense. T and the therapist had discussed the likelihood of this happening and T agreed that the therapist would prompt her to return to the present tense. SUDS scores were again noted (Appendix D col B). T reported being surprised at the change in scores from the previous week. There were certain sections of the story that T found very difficult to narrate these sections were narrated without much detail. After discussing this briefly, T and the therapist listened to the recording of the present tense narration. T recorded SUDS levels herself (Appendix D col C) and once complete, the three SUDS scores were examined and discussed. T noted how scores had both increased and decreased from first narration to second narration, but that all scores had reduced on her first listening to the tape. T was then asked to score the chapters and chose five (the most anxiety provoking) to work on. The five chapters were listed chronologically (figure 4) and then in order of their anxiety rating (figure 5). For the next five sessions each chapter was narrated and listened to repeatedly until Ts SUDS rating had dropped starting with the least and working towards the most anxiety provoking. The therapist asked questions relating to the clients senses and emotions and physiology so that her memories were fully activated (Leahy and Holland, 2000, p197). To Ts surprise, narrating in the present tense and centripetal questioning produced additional memories that T had not remembered in the previous narrations.Figure 4 Chrono logical grade1Car flips over upside down smell of petrol2Wood advent towards the car3The car door wont open (Ts recurring nightmare)4B is not moving5G is screaming at T to get them out of the carFigure 5 Order of Severity Least to Worst54321Wood coming towards the carCar flips over upside down smell of petrolG is screaming at T to get them out of the carThe car door wont open (Ts recurring nightmare)B is not movingThe therapist noted the five chapters as hot floating policy (Figure 6) and asked T what her thoughts were when she brought the scene to mind. These were also noted together with the emotion that went with them.The therapist was able to challenge Ts distorted thoughts through cognitive restructuring which included her rescuer belief that she was somehow responsible for getting everyone out of the car that day. Once SUDS levels had been reduced for all five chapters Appendix E), T was able to say out loud her re-evaluation statement for each chapter accepting and believing it.Fig 6Re-Evaluation of Peak ExperiencesHot routine Thought Belief Emotion Re-EvaluationThe car has flipped Ive break downd the crash Fear I did not burn to death. over onto its top there but now Im going to burn I did not die, I did surviveIs a smell of petrol to death the experience and I am safe now.Its over. THIS IS A circumstanceWood from a fence is The wood is going to scratch Fear The wood did not hit me or anyone else.Flying towards the car me. Ill never see my boys I did survive the experience. I am safe.again. My children are safe. Its over.THIS IS A FACTThe car door wont open. Its not going to open, Terror I was not trapped. I did get out of the car.It just wont budge at all Im trapped. I am not trapped now, I am safe now.Its over. THIS IS A FACTB goes tour and his head Oh my God B is dead Terror B did not die. He did survive the accidentFalls forward He is safe now. Its over. THIS IS A FACTSister G screams to T to I must break the window. Fear We all got out of the car. We did not die.Get them all out of the car I have to get us all out. We are all safe now and its over.If I dont break the window THIS IS A FACTWere all going to dieOutcomes and Personal ReflectionTs post therapy CORE score of 31 (figure 7) represents a mean score of 0.912 (9.12) and falls within the healthy pasture of the Core measure. As there is a mean difference of over 5, this, according to CORE measuring indicates a clinical and reliable change (CORE ims).Fig. 7 Core OM Results Pre and Post therapyPre PostWell existence 14 06Functioning 21 05Risk 02 00Problems 42 20Total 79 31Ts demo improved in the finals stages of therapy. Her cuts and bruises had healed well and she was no longer suffering with TMJ. T reported better sleeping patterns, but still with occasional dreams. She believed that she had spent so much time listening to her chapter on being trapped in the car that she became fed up of listening to it, rather than it provoking any anxiety. She was able to travel as a passenger in a car, and also to drive the car herself, but did not feel ready to drive on her own in the car. As a result understanding her an